Trillium decumbens

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:MELANTHIACEAE
Species:Trillium decumbens Harb.
Common Name:Trailing Trillium; Decumbent Trillium; Trailing Wakerobin
Habitat:Rich hardwood forests, in ravines and along streams, of the Ridge and Valley.
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Decumbent Trillium is a native perennial in the Bunchflower family (Melanthiaceae). It occurs in the northern third of Alabama. Decumbent Trillium occurs in hardwood forests, in ravines, in rocky woods, on cedar glades, and along streams. It is a perennial from a horizontal rhizome. Usually a single densely puberulent scape is produced from each rhizome. The stems are very short and form a slight “s”, often positioning the leaves on top of the leaf litter. Each stem has a single whorl of three leaves at its apex. The leaves are ovate to suborbicular in outline with a rounded apex. The leaves are mottled in dark green and silver green. The flower is sessile just above the leaves. Each flower has three green or maroon sepals that are divergent. There are three erect petals that are twisted towards their tips. The petals are linear-lanceolate or oblanceolate, and usually dark purple-brown when young and fading to reddish- or yellowish brown. Rarely plants with completely clear lemon-yellow petals occur. The fruit is a fleshy berry-like capsule. Each seed has an oily white elaiosome attached on one side. The elaiosome is rich in oils, lipids, and proteins. It is eaten by ants who discard the seed, aiding in its dispersal. Decumbent Trillium is occasionally available from wildflower nurseries. Only purchase plants from sources that have grown them and not collected them from the wild. Decumbent Trillium prefers full to partial shade and a mesic soil rich in organic matter.—A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native
References:Freeman, J.D. 1975. Revision of Trillium Subgenus Phyllantherum (Liliaceae). Brittonia 27: 1-62.
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyMELANTHIACEAE - Bunchflower family
Genus Trillium
Species Trillium decumbens Harb. - Trailing Trillium; Decumbent Trillium; Trailing Wakerobin

Citation

Citation Trillium decumbens Harbison, Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1(2): 158. 1902.
Basionym: **
Type: USA: ALABAMA: DeKalb Co.: on the ridge near Collinsville, Spring 1901, Boynton s.n. (Lectotype: NY; isolectotype: US (probable: labeled "Co-type" in Harbison's hand).--Lectotype designation by Freeman 1975.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

No synonyms exist for this species.

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Bibb, Blount, Calhoun, Cleburne, Cullman, DeKalb, Etowah, Jefferson, Shelby, St. Clair, Tuscaloosa, Walker

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, JSU, NY, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1938 - 2003

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AUA000000217 Blount 14 Mar 1969 Moore, Harold D.
003-69		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
JSU112723 Tuscaloosa 2 Apr 1976 Whetstone, R. David
8070		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000216 Blount 17 Mar 1965 Freeman, John D.
 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
AUA000000230 DeKalb 3 Apr 1965 Freeman, John D.
365		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
JSU112480 Etowah 15 Mar 1993 Ballard, J. Mark
1235		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0002453 Tuscaloosa 19 Mar 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4070		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UNA00054158 Blount 28 Mar 1998 Keener, Brian R.
541		 UNA
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0002454 Tuscaloosa 05 Apr 2006 Skinner, Angie
60		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
TROY000025883 Jefferson 02 Apr 1965 Freeman, John D.
356		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0050786 Jefferson 30 Mar 1985 Barber, J. Patrick
1334		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000228 Cullman 27 Mar 1966 Samejima, J.
1009		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
TROY000028696 Etowah 11 Apr 2009 Keener, Brian R.
5156		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
JSU112478 Etowah 19 Mar 1995 Hodge, Lesley M.
4096		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000231 Etowah 14 Apr 1967 Freeman, John D.
544		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
AUA000000225 Blount 22 Mar 1995 Freeman, John D.
 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
UNA00053684 Blount 01 Mar 1997 Keener, Brian R.
6		 UNA
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AMAL00008755 Blount 17 Mar 1965 Freeman, John D.
349		 AMAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000229 DeKalb 14 Apr 1973 Kral, Robert
49606		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
UWAL0034654 Cleburne 23 Apr 1990 Kral, Robert
77373		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
JSU112722 St. Clair 11 Apr 1973 Whetstone, R. David
s.n.		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
TROY000025879 Blount 25 May 1985 Freeman, John D.
s.n.		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000025690 Cleburne 21 Apr 1993 Oberholster, Suzanne
330		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
TROY000025885 Tuscaloosa 21 Mar 2003 Keener, Brian R.
2475		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0002450 Etowah 11 Apr 2009 Keener, Brian R.
5156		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
NY00319875 DeKalb 01 Apr 1901 Biltmore Herbarium
s.n.		 NY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000224 Blount 12 Mar 1967 Freeman, John D.
522		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
AUA000000237 Shelby 22 Mar 1970 Freeman, John D.
701		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
UNA00007790 Blount 17 Mar 1938 Harper, Roland M.
3616		 UNA
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000227 Cleburne 5 Mar 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
6680		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
AMAL00012053 Tuscaloosa 14 Apr 1978 Pendergrass, Levester
15		 AMAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
JSU112721 Jefferson 30 Mar 1985 Barber, J. Patrick
1334		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
TROY000025881 Blount 22 Mar 1995 Freeman, John D.
s.n.		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000212 Bibb 10 Apr 1992 Allison, James R.
6341		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
ALNHS00001036 Etowah 13 Mar 2012 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#397		 ALNHS
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0002452 St. Clair 07 Apr 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3458		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0002448 Blount 28 Mar 1981 Kral, Robert
66762		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
TROY000040847 Jefferson 31 Mar 2013 Keener, Brian R.
7722		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000238 Shelby 12 Mar 1967 Freeman, John D.
520		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
AUA000000234 Jefferson 2 Apr 1965 Freeman, John D.
356		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
JSU112479 Etowah 1 Apr 1971 Clifton, Brent
s.n.		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
ALNHS00004936 Etowah 07 Apr 2017 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#3171		 ALNHS
Trillium decumbens Harbison
JSU112477 Etowah 27 Mar 1982 Bussey, Melanie G.
s.n.		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UNA00045849 St. Clair 18 Apr 1998 Keener, Brian R.
654		 UNA
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UNA00007703 Tuscaloosa 30 Mar 1955 Batson, Jackie
s.n.		 UNA
Trillium decumbens Harbison
TROY000031509 Jefferson 17 Mar 1965 Freeman, John D.
347		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AMAL00014150 Cullman 24 Mar 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4090		 AMAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0033624 St. Clair 23 Mar 2016 Keener, Brian R.
9401		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000235 Jefferson 27 Mar 1966 Samejima, J.
1015		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
UWAL0045899 Jefferson 02 Mar 2018 Spaulding, Daniel D.
15133		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000221 Blount 12 Mar 1967 Freeman, John D.
522		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
AUA000000218 Blount 22 Mar 1970 Freeman, John D.
700		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
JSU112474 Etowah 1 Apr 1971 Draper, P.
s.n.		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
TROY000031510 Jefferson 27 Mar 1966 Samejima, J. & K.
1015		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UNA00007800 Tuscaloosa 09 Mar 1952 Chermock, Ralph L.
s.n.		 UNA
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AMAL00001214 Jefferson 25 Mar 2000 Kral, Robert
89230		 AMAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
ALNHS00005740 St. Clair 14 Mar 2018 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#3597		 ALNHS
Trillium decumbens Harbison
JSU112470 Cleburne 13 Apr 1971 Banholzer, M.L.
s.n.		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
TROY000025880 Blount 17 Mar 1965 Freeman, John D.
349		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AMAL00001213 Blount 28 Mar 1998 Keener, Brian R.
541		 AMAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
JSU112475 Etowah 1 Apr 1971 Holder, J.A.
s.n.		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0011703 Jefferson 31 Mar 2013 Keener, Brian R.
7722		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0002451 Jefferson 28 Mar 1981 Kral, Robert
66749		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
ALNHS00006449 Cullman 19 Mar 2019 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#4282		 ALNHS
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000233 Jefferson 17 Mar 1965 Freeman, John D.
347		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
UWAL0009894 Walker 11 Mar 2012 Keener, Brian R.
6911		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UNA00056547 Blount 12 Mar 1967 Freeman, John D.
522		 UNA
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0002449 Cullman 24 Mar 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4090		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UNA00058482 Tuscaloosa 21 Mar 2003 Keener, Brian R.
2475		 UNA
Trillium decumbensáHarbison
UNA00007704 Tuscaloosa 29 Mar 1955 Batson, Jack
s.n.		 UNA
Trillium decumbens Harbison
TROY000031511 Shelby 12 Mar 1967 Freeman, John D.
520		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AMAL00001215 Tuscaloosa 21 Mar 2003 Keener, Brian R.
2475		 AMAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0034500 DeKalb 01 Apr 1995 Kral, Robert
84367		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000223 Blount 27 Mar 1966 Samejima, J.
1011		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
TROY000036585 Walker 11 Mar 2012 Keener, Brian R.
6911		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
JSU112473 Etowah 20 Mar 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
786		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000214 Blount 17 Mar 1965 Freeman, John D.
 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
AUA000000213 Blount 23 Jun 1985 Freeman, John D.
S. N.		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
UNA00053462 Tuscaloosa 29 Mar 1968 Thomas, Joab L.
1626		 UNA
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AMAL00008754 Jefferson 2 Apr 1965 Freeman, John D.
356		 AMAL
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000220 Blount 29 Mar 1968 Kral, Robert
29932		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
JSU112472 DeKalb 14 Apr 1973 Kral, Robert
49606		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
SAMF0000560 Jefferson 04 Apr 2007 Davenport, Lawrence J.
3661		 SAMF
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UNA00007704 Tuscaloosa 29 Mar 1955 Batson, Jack
s.n.		 UNA
Trillium decumbens Harbison
TROY000031508 Blount 26 Mar 1968 Freeman, John D.
608		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000232 Etowah 2 Apr 1978 Owsley, M.
512		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
TROY000028849 Cullman 24 Mar 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4090		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0018614 DeKalb 06 Apr 1991 Kral, Robert
78419		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harb.
JSU112476 Etowah 22 Mar 1984 Nixon, Christopher F.
616		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000215 Blount 17 Mar 1965 Freeman, John D.
 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
AUA000000222 Blount 26 Mar 1968 Freeman, John D.
608		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
TROY000025884 Jefferson 25 Mar 2000 Kral, Robert
89230		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000219 Blount 6 May 1971 James, Audrey
122		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
AUA000000226 Calhoun 30 Mar 1967 Kral, Robert
27912		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
JSU112471 DeKalb 24 Apr 1978 Kral, Robert
61607		 JSU
Trillium decumbens Harbison
AUA000000236 Shelby 4 Apr 1977 Sessler, Ann H.
859		 AUA
Trillium Decumbens Harbison
UNA00007703 Tuscaloosa 30 Mar 1955 Batson, Jackie
s.n.		 UNA
Trillium decumbens Harbison
UWAL0018890 Jefferson 05 Apr 1993 Kral, Robert
81945		 UWAL
Trillium decumbens Harb.
SAMF0000559 Jefferson 24 Mar 2003 Davenport, Lawrence J.
2806		 SAMF
Trillium decumbens Harbison
TROY000025882 Etowah 26 Mar 1974 Atkinson, Tim A.
30		 TROY
Trillium decumbens Harbison
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