Phyllanthus caroliniensis

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:PHYLLANTHACEAE
Species:Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
Common Name:Carolina Leaf Flower
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Annual
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:PHCA9
Plant Notes:Carolina Leaf Flower is a native herbaceous annual in the Leaf Flower family (Phyllanthaceae). It can be found throughout Alabama. Carolina Leaf Flower occurs in open moist sites such as on the banks of streams and ponds, in wet roadside ditches, and in low woods. It is an annual with a taproot. The stems are erect to arching, round in cross section, slightly winged, glabrous, and green or reddish-brown in color. The stems often have 5 or more lateral branches. Leaves are distichous (arranged alternately in two opposite vertical rows), short petiolate, oblong to obovate in outline, glabrous, with entire margins. The leaves are subtended by auriculate, reddish-brown stipules. Flowers are produced in cymules in the axils of the leaves. Each cymule has 1 staminate flower and 2-3 pistillate flowers. Staminate flowers have 6 yellowish-green sepals, 6 glands, and 3 stamens. Pistillate flowers have 6 green or reddish sepals and a cupular nectary. The fruit is a capsule on a strongly reflexed pedicel.—A. Diamond.
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FAC+ (NWI)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyPHYLLANTHACEAE - Leaf Flower family
Genus Phyllanthus
Species Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter - Carolina Leaf Flower

Citation

Citation Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter, Fl. Carol. 228. 1788.
Basionym: **
Type: USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Herb. Walter 83 (neotype: BM). Neotypified by G. L. Webster, Brittonia 22: 60. 1970; D. B. Ward, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 418. 2007.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Andrachne pumila Andrachne pumila (Rafinesque) House, New York State Mus. Bull. 233/234: 66. 1921.Synexemia pumila Rafinesque 1825. 
Diasperus caroliniensis Diasperus caroliniensis (Walter) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 598. 1891.Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter 1788. 
Euphorbia ludoviciana Euphorbia ludoviciana Featherman, Rep. (Annual) Geol. Surv. Louisiana 2: 71. 1871, non Rafinesque 1817. LOUISIANA
Geminaria obovata Geminaria obovata Rafinesque, First Cat. Gard. Transylv. Univ. 14. 1824, nom. illegit.Phyllanthus obovatus Muhlenberg ex Willdenow 1805, nom. illegit.; Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter 1788. 
Phyllanthus graminicola Phyllanthus graminicola Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 48: 333. 1922. TRINIDAD: Carenage, 25 Feb 1920, Britton & Hazen 12 (holotype: NY).
Phyllanthus obovatus Phyllanthus obovatus Muhlenberg ex Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 4: 574. 1805, nom. illegit.Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter 1788. 
Synexemia caroliniana Synexemia caroliniana Rafinesque, Neogenyton 2. 1825, nom. illegit.Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter 1788. 
Synexemia cuneifolia Synexemia cuneifolia Rafinesque, New Fl. 4: 100. 1838 ("1836"). "Louisiana and Arkanzas",
Synexemia obovata Synexemia obovata Rafinesque, Neogenyton 2. 1825, nom. illegit.Phyllanthus obovatus Muhlenberg ex Willdenow 1805, nom. illegit.; Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter 1788. 
Synexemia pumila Synexemia pumila Rafinesque, Newgenyton 2. 1825. KENTUCKY

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bibb, Blount, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun, Cherokee, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Cullman, Escambia, Geneva, Houston, Jackson, Jefferson, Lawrence, Lowndes, Madison, Marshall, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Perry, Pickens, Pike, Randolph, St. Clair, Tuscaloosa, Walker, Wilcox

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, TROY, UNA, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1879 - 1986

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
UWAL0032006 Houston 30 Jul 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26649		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UNA00070461 Baldwin 05 Aug 2012 Horne, Howard
1827		 UNA
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
AUA_ACC_57150 Conecuh 18 Jun 1996 Diamond, Alvin R.
10332		 AUA
Phyllanthus Caroliniensis Walt.
TROY000004728 Crenshaw 30 Sep 1999 Diamond, Alvin R.
11622		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UWAL0039134 Jefferson 20 Jul 2018 Bryson, Charles T.
25630		 UWAL
Phyllantus caroliniensis Walter
UWAL0050346 Madison 08 Sep 2020 Finzel, Brian
s.n.		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UWAL0011353 Tuscaloosa 28 Oct 2011 Keener, Brian R.
6813		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UNA00018693 Mobile 23 Aug 1962 Harper, Roland M.
4534		 UNA
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
TROY000044127 Geneva 08 Nov 2016 Byrd, Cameron
615		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
AUA_ACC_44807 Mobile 22 Nov 1975 Mills, S.F.
174		 AUA
Phyllanthus Caroliniensis Walt.
TROY000018908 Lowndes 02 Nov 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
20331		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UWAL0046732 Autauga 13 Oct 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
216		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
TROY000004731 Monroe 17 Sep 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
18120		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
AUA_ACC_56473 Crenshaw 7 Aug 1995 Diamond, Alvin R.
9815		 AUA
Phyllanthus Caroliniensis Walt.
TROY000036077 Bullock 31 Aug 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1186		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
ALNHS00005101 Monroe 23 AUG 2017 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#3261		 ALNHS
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
UWAL0016934 Lawrence 15 Sep 2013 England, J. Kevin
4528		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter ssp. caroliniensis
AUA000031175 Escambia 25 Jun 2010 Hansen, Curtis J.
4791		 AUA
Phyllanthus Caroliniensis Walt. Ssp. Caroliniensis
TROY000034793 Calhoun 16 Sep 2010 Spaulding, Daniel D.
13276		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UNA00014282 Walker 24 Aug 1879 Smith, Eugene A.
s.n.		 UNA
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
USAM000006048 Baldwin 25 Oct 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11780		 USAM
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
TROY000038076 Bullock 18 Jul 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1072		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UNA00018688 Tuscaloosa 19 Sep 1978 Davenport, Lawrence J.
866		 UNA
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
USAM000006046 Baldwin 15 Nov 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11890		 USAM
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
TROY000004726 Butler 10 Sep 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
16895		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UNA00062181 Pike 24 Oct 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
14238		 UNA
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
UNA00018691 Covington 03 Sep 1969 Kral, Robert
36829		 UNA
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
AUA000042368 Cullman Aug 1904 Wolf, Wolfgang
928		 AUA
Phyllanthus Caroliniensis Walt.
TROY000048827 Autauga 07 Sep 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
1170		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
JSU141235 Randolph 21 Sep 1986 Nixon, Christopher F.
3063		 JSU
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
ALNHS00008424 Cherokee 04 Oct 2023 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#6204		 ALNHS
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
UNA00018690 Perry 19 Oct 1977 Davenport, Lawrence J.
263		 UNA
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
USAM000006045 Baldwin 15 Nov 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11890		 USAM
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
TROY000004724 Barbour 03 Sep 2000 Diamond, Alvin R.
12063		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
JSU141232 Calhoun 28 Jul 1986 Lawler, Carol L.
803		 JSU
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
JSU141234 St. Clair 09 Sep 1983 Whetstone, R. David
13728		 JSU
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
AUA_ACC_56625 Crenshaw 29 Sep 1995 Diamond, Alvin R.
9998		 AUA
Phyllanthus Caroliniensis Walt.
TROY000033474 Barbour 03 Sep 2011 Morrison, Derek
76		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
TROY000040766 Tuscaloosa 28 Oct 2011 Keener, Brian R.
6813		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
JSU141230 Blount 13 Oct 1984 Nixon, Christopher F.
954		 JSU
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UNA00018694 Mobile _ Aug 1896 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
UWAL0052840 Bibb 25 Jul 2019 Keener, Brian R.
11501		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
TROY000044633 Autauga 01 Sep 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
39		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
TROY000004733 Wilcox 03 Nov 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
16042		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UWAL0046534 Autauga 01 Sep 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
39		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UWAL0044446 Baldwin 28 Jul 2001 Larsen, Harry S.
868		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
USAM000006047 Baldwin 01 Nov 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11830		 USAM
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
TROY000004729 Crenshaw 09 Sep 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12647		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
TROY000004727 Conecuh 14 Jul 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12532		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UWAL0011988 Autauga 03 Sep 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7500		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
TROY000018907 Butler 02 Sep 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
18013		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
JSU141233 Jackson 20 Aug 1998 Brodeur, Kristin R.
1319		 JSU
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
TROY000019013 Jefferson 29 Sep 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15832		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
AUA_ACC_55146 Pike 8 Aug 1995 Diamond, Alvin R.
9826		 AUA
Phyllanthus Caroliniensis Walt.
AUA_ACC_49387 Butler 28 Aug 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
5429		 AUA
Phyllanthus Caroliniensis Walt.
TROY000004730 Geneva 06 Aug 2000 Diamond, Alvin R.
11962		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
JSU141236 Tuscaloosa 19 Aug 2000 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10814		 JSU
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UWAL0036401 Marshall 12 Aug 2017 England, J. Kevin
8378		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter ssp. caroliniensis
TROY000004732 Pike 01 Oct 1999 Diamond, Alvin R.
11626		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
AUA000038166 Morgan 20 Sep 2015 England, J. Kevin
5751		 AUA
Phyllanthus Caroliniensis Walt. Ssp. Caroliniensis
UNA00018689 Tuscaloosa 28 Sep 1977 Davenport, Lawrence J.
190		 UNA
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
AUA_ACC_837 Montgomery 25 Sep 1904 Andrews, Elizabeth F.
 AUA
Phyllanthus Caroliniensis Walt.
TROY000004725 Bullock 11 Sep 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
14136		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
ALNHS00005209 Bullock 01 SEP 2017 Taylor, Chris T.
SP#3331		 ALNHS
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
UNA00018692 Mobile _ Aug _ Mohr, E.
s.n.		 UNA
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
AUA000042367 Cullman 19 Sep 1909 Wolf, Wolfgang
 AUA
Phyllanthus Caroliniensis Walt.
AUA_ACC_69222 Escambia 14 Aug 2008 Hansen, Curtis J.
3431		 AUA
Phyllanthus Caroliniensis Walt. Ssp. Caroliniensis
TROY000045596 Autauga 13 Oct 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
216		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UWAL0010010 Calhoun 16 Sep 2010 Spaulding, Daniel D.
13276		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
TROY000028254 Montgomery 16 Jul 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
20790		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UNA00018695 Pickens 04 Jul 1986 Horn, Charles N.
1136		 UNA
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt.
TROY000042704 Houston 30 Jul 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26649		 TROY
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UWAL0019930 Morgan 20 Sep 2015 England, J. Kevin
5751		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter ssp. caroliniensis
UWAL0014082 Bullock 18 Jul 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1072		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
UWAL0014797 Bullock 31 Aug 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1186		 UWAL
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
JSU136758 Baldwin 27 Aug 2000 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10824		 JSU
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
JSU141231 Calhoun 10 Sep 1995 Hruska, Susan E.
860		 JSU
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
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