Dactylis glomerata

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:POACEAE
Species:Dactylis glomerata L.
Common Name:Orchard Grass; Cock's Foot
Habitat:Fields, roadsides and disturbed, open areas.
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Orchard Grass is an introduced perennial in the Grass family (Poaceae). It is native to Europe, portions of Asia, and northern Africa. In Alabama in can be found statewide but is most common in the northern half of the state. It is a cool season bunch-grass with short rhizomes and a fibrous root system. Non-flowering stems are 1-2 feet in height, and flowering stems are 3-6 feet tall. The stems are round, light green in color, and glabrous. Leaves are basal and cauline. The cauline leaves are alternate. Leaves are linear, glabrous, and entire. Both surfaces of the leaf and the leaf margins are rough to the touch. The leaf sheaths are glabrous and the ligules are papery membranes. Flowers are produced in dense spikelets arranged in panicles. Each greenish-white spikelet contains 2-7 flowers. The first glume is 1-nerved and shorter than the second glume which is 3-nerved. The lemmas are 5-nerved, keeled, and ciliate along the margins. The fruit is a grain. Orchard Grass is a larval food plant for the Little Wood-Satyr (Megisto cymela), and several Owlet Moths (Noctuidae). It is sometimes planted as a pasture grass for cattle, sheep, and goats. It is also widely used for erosion control and for reclamation of mining sites.—A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Not Native, FACU (NWI), GNR (Global Rank)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyPOACEAE - Grass family
Genus Dactylis
Species Dactylis glomerata L. - Orchard Grass; Cock's Foot

Citation

Citation Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 71. 1753.
Basionym: **
Type: Without data (lectotype: LINN 90.3). Lectotypified by Clayton, in Milne-Redhead & Polhill, Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Gramin. 43. 1970.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Bromus glomeratus Bromus glomeratus (Linnaeus) Scopoli, Fl. Carn., ed. 2. 1: 76. 1772.Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus 1753. 
Dactylis abbreviata Dactylis abbreviata Bernhardi ex Link, Hort. Berol. 1: 153. 1827.  
Dactylis glaucescens Dactylis glaucescens Willdenow, Enum. Pl. 111. 1809. ITALY
Dactylis glomerata subsp. euglomerata Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus, subsp. euglomerata Hayek, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(3): 254. 1932, nom. inadmiss.Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus 1753. 
Dactylis glomerata subsp. lobata Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus, subsp. lobata (Drejer) M. Marsson ex Soest, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 1928: 18. 1928.Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus, subsp. lobata Drejer 1838. 
Dactylis glomerata var. abbreviata Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus, var. abbreviata (Link) Lange, Haandb. Danske Fl., ed. 4. 100. 1886.Dactylis abbreviata Link 1827. 
Dactylis glomerata var. glaucescens Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus, var. glaucescens (Willdenow) Duby, Bot. Gall. 521. 1828.Dactylis glaucescens Willdenow 1809. 
Dactylis glomerata var. lobata Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus, var. lobata Drejer, Fl. Excurs. Hafn. 45. 1838.  
Dactylis glomerata var. maritima Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus, var. maritima Hallier, Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 21: 77. 1863. GERMANY
Dactylis glomerata var. nemorosa Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus, var. subsessilis Klett & Richter ex Petermann, Fl. Lips. Excurs. 80. 1838. GERMANY
Dactylis glomerata var. subsessilis Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus, var. subsessilis Petermann, Fl. Lips. Excurs. 80. 1838. GERMANY
Dactylis glomerata var. typica Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus, var. typica Pospichal, Fl. Oesterr. Kuestenl. 1: 94. 1 897, nom. inadmiss.Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus 1753. 
Dactylis pendula Dactylis pendula Dumortier, Observ. Gramin. Belg. 146. 1824. BELGIUM
Festuca glomerata Festuca glomerata (Linnaeus) Allioni, Fl. Pedem. 2: 252. 1785.Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus 1753. 
Limnetis glomerata Limnetis glomerata (Linnaeus) Eaton, Man. Bot. 14. 1817.Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus 1753. 
Trachypoa vulgaris Trachypoa vulgaris Bubani, Fl. Pyren. 4: 359. 1901, nom. illegit.Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus 1753. 
Dactylis glomerata var. ciliata Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus, var. ciliata Petermann, Fl. Lips. Excurs. 80. 1838. GERMANY
Dactylis glomerata var. detonsa    

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Blount, Bullock, Calhoun, Cherokee, Chilton, Clay, Cleburne, Conecuh, Crenshaw, Cullman, DeKalb, Elmore, Etowah, Fayette, Franklin, Henry, Jackson, Jefferson, Lamar, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Lee, Limestone, Madison, Marengo, Marshall, Mobile, Montgomery, Morgan, Pike, Randolph, St. Clair, Talladega, Tuscaloosa, Walker, Winston

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1973 - 2023

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AUA000016021 Jefferson 10 May 1965 Wright, Larry
 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
UNA00003674 Tuscaloosa 24 May 1973 Clemens, Jean
32		 UNA
Dactylis glomerata L.
JSU145244 Calhoun 30 Oct 1992 Hutchinson, Francine
1224		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016014 Cherokee 20 May 1972 Hale, A.R.
156		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
ALNHS00003316 Lauderdale 23 Jun 2015 Barger, T. Wayne
SC-477		 ALNHS
Dactylis glomerata L.
TROY000026713 Tuscaloosa 04 May 2003 Keener, Brian R.
2557		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UNA00003674 Tuscaloosa 24 May 1973 Clemens, Jean
32		 UNA
Dactylis glomerata L.
JSU108364 DeKalb 09 Jun 1976 Whetstone, R. David
8488		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016027 Pike 7 May 1994 Diamond, Alvin R.
9137		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
JSU108363 DeKalb 22 Jun 1975 Whetstone, R. David
5053		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0009664 Montgomery 13 Jun 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21404		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000026006 Marengo 13 May 2013 England, J. Kevin
4244		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
JSU108354 Clay 02 Sep 1983 Bussey, Melanie G.
965		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
SAMF0003037 DeKalb 14 May 2006 Davenport, Lawrence J.
3421		 SAMF
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108362 Cullman 23 May 1974 Whetstone, R. David
2838		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016029 Randolph 16 Jun 1975 Rutland, David W.
332		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
TROY000038585 Bullock 24 May 2012 Dykes, Bailee
799		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0034991 Morgan 10 Jun 2017 England, J. Kevin
8013		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000020087 Cleburne 24 May 1996 Balcomb, B.
600		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
JSU108372 Jefferson 28 May 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
381		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
TROY000046311 Autauga 09 May 2018 Diamond, Alvin R.
28294		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108377 St. Clair 15 May 1984 Baldwin, D. Dean
s.n.		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108352 Calhoun 06 May 1976 Wayner, Gary A.
606		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0014365 Franklin 16 May 2014 England, J. Kevin
4851		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108351 Calhoun 27 May 1982 Whetstone, R. David
11204		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UNA00050374 Randolph Spring 1985 Nixon, C.F.
1222		 UNA
Dactylis glomerata L.
UNA00073676 Franklin 16 May 2014 England, J. Kevin
4851		 UNA
Dactylis glomerata L.
AUA000016024 Lee 1 May 1952 Cunningham, Hugh B.
 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
TROY000030886 Lee 01 May 1952 Cunningham, Hugh B.
s.n.		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016025 Mobile 18 Oct 1972 Pringle, Gary
143		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
TROY000037963 Fayette 09 May 2010 Younghance, Steven L.
294		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108374 Jefferson 23 May 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
346		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108359 Cleburne 09 May 1979 Whetstone, R. David
9701		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0012999 Fayette 09 May 2010 Younghance, Steve L.
294		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
TROY000026711 Chilton 03 May 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15254		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108379 Talladega 31 May 1992 Ballard, J. Mark
178		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016023 Lee 20 Apr 1970 Montgomery, John
078		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
JSU108382 Talladega 16 May 1982 Bussey, Melanie G.
s.n.		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016020 Henry 16 May 1993 Diamond, Alvin R.
8626		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
JSU108375 Limestone 26 May 1996 Whetstone, R. David
17827		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0010232 St. Clair 12 May 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4444		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata L.
UNA00069018 Cherokee 26 Jun 2007 Barger, T. Wayne
IM-342		 UNA
Dactylis glomerata L.
JSU108369 Jackson 15 May 1998 Brodeur, Kristin R.
687		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000039616 Lee 17 Mar 2018 Taylor, Chris T.
CSP-450		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
JSU108357 Clay 20 Jun 1985 Littleton, I.C.
6		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UNA00003623 Tuscaloosa s.d. Smith, Eugene A.
s.n.		 UNA
Dactylis glomerata L.
JSU108356 Clay 01 May 1993 Ballard, J. Mark
1695		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
SAMF0001296 Tuscaloosa 30 May 2003 Davenport, Lawrence J.
2832		 SAMF
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108353 Calhoun 06 May 1976 Wayner, Gary A.
606		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0051226 Jefferson 28 May 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
381		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata L.
TROY000044515 Franklin 16 May 2014 England, J. Kevin
4851		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016017 Crenshaw 17 May 1998 Diamond, Alvin R.
11252		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
TROY000042427 Montgomery 13 Jun 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21404		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108361 Cleburne 25 May 1994 Hruska, Susan E.
216		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UNA00058665 Tuscaloosa 04 May 2003 Keener, Brian R.
2557		 UNA
Dactylis glomerata L.
JSU108350 Calhoun 11 May 1982 Whetstone, R. David
11034		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0043009 Baldwin 20 May 2010 Larsen, Harry S.
1722		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata L.
AUA000016026 Morgan 13 May 1972 Williams, Susan
145		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
JSU108358 Clay 20 Jun 1985 Littleton, I.C.
6		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108381 Talladega 10 Apr 1993 Ballard, J. Mark
1620		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
SAMF0001295 Jefferson 10 May 2005 Davenport, Lawrence J.
3176		 SAMF
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108385 Winston 02 Jun 1974 Whetstone, R. David
3070		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0050683 Blount 18 May 1968 Kral, R.
30745		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata L.
UNA00054393 Blount 21 Jun 1998 Keener, Brian R.
1084		 UNA
Dactylis glomerata L.
AUA000016022 Lauderdale 14 May 1970 Morris, Janice
 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
TROY000011839 Conecuh 26 May 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12451		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU156344 Cleburne 26 Apr 1995 Hruska, Susan E.
677		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108383 Tuscaloosa 12 Jun 1975 Whetstone, R. David
4723		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108367 Etowah 03 May 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
1361		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0013327 Walker 26 May 2013 Diamond, Alvin R.
24122		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108378 St. Clair 05 May 1983 Whetstone, R. David
13055		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108355 Clay 14 Jun 1993 Ballard, J. Mark
2773		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016016 Conecuh 11 Jun 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3362		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
JSU108380 Talladega 02 May 1981 Whetstone, R. David
10616		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016018 Elmore 5 May 1966 Burns, Earl R.
 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
UWAL0032823 Lawrence 15 Jun 2009 England, J. Kevin
2081		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0057012 Madison 19 May 2023 England, Kevin J.
13959		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata L.
JSU108366 Etowah 27 May 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
1331		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016015 Cleburne 14 May 1976 Rutland, David W.
2723		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
TROY000011840 Pike 17 Apr 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
13849		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0012364 Bullock 24 May 2012 Dykes, Bailee
799		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UNA00060277 Pike 17 Apr 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
13849		 UNA
Dactylis glomerata L.
AUA000016031 Lee 10 May 1920 Anonymous
 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
JSU108373 Jefferson 23 May 1985 Barber, J. Patrick
1491		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
TROY000026712 Cleburne 18 May 1996 Balcomb, B.
578		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0044710 Lauderdale 28 May 2019 England, J. Kevin
10246		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
TROY000045347 Marengo 13 May 2013 England, J. Kevin
4244		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108371 Jefferson 01 Jun 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
668		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0017453 Marengo 13 May 2013 England, J. Kevin
4244		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108365 DeKalb 27 May 1974 Whetstone, R. David
3151		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016030 Randolph 1985 Nixon, C.F.
1222		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
TROY000037987 Walker 26 May 2013 Diamond, Alvin R.
24122		 TROY
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU146075 Cleburne 04 Jul 1993 Hutchinson, Francine
1709		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108368 Fayette 12 May 1979 Whetstone, R. David
9777A		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108376 Marshall 22 Apr 1992 Spaulding, Daniel D.
1388		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0048121 Bullock 20 May 2019 Horne, Howard E.
4810		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
JSU108384 Winston 07 Jun 1975 Whetstone, R. David
4498		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016019 Henry 7 Jul 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
5190		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
JSU108370 Jackson 20 May 1974 Whetstone, R. David
2723		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
AUA000016028 Pike 12 Jun 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
4983		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
UNA00057931 Fayette 08 May 2002 Haynes, Robert R.
10230		 UNA
Dactylis glomerata L.
AUA000038252 Morgan 10 Jun 2017 England, J. Kevin
8013		 AUA
Dactylis Glomerata L.
JSU108360 Cleburne 02 Jun 1983 Bussey, Melanie G.
659		 JSU
Dactylis glomerata Linnaeus
UWAL0056307 Lamar 26 May 2023 England, Kevin J.
13687		 UWAL
Dactylis glomerata L.
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