Platanthera flava

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:ORCHIDACEAE
Species:Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl.
Common Name:Southern Rein Orchid; Pale Green Orchid; Southern Gypsy Spike
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:PLFL
Plant Notes:Southern Rein Orchid is a native perennial in the Orchid family. It grows in swamps, seeps, and floodplain forests. It is often found in the wettest sites where little other vegetation grows. Southern Rein Orchid can be found throughout Alabama. It is a perennial from a cluster of thick fleshy roots. Colonies of plants often form from tubers that develop along the roots. Stems are from 8-20 inches in height. There are usually 2 basal leaves and 1-3 reduced leaves on the flowering stalk. Leaves are lanceolate to elliptic and glabrous. Flowers are produced in dense to lax spikes. Flowers are resupinate and green to yellowish in color. Flowers have three sepals and three petals. The lip petal is descending. The fruit is a capsule with many dust-like seed. Tubercled Rein Orchid (Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley var. herbiola (R. Brown) Luer) occurs in north Alabama. It differs from the typical variety by having a more congested spike with bracts that are as long as or longer than the flowers. Southern Rein Orchid is listed as an S2S3 species in Alabama (S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state. S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state) and globally as a G4 species (imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors). As with all native orchids, you should never pick or try to transplant them.--A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FACW (NWI), S2S3 (State Rank), G4T4 (Global Rank)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyORCHIDACEAE - Orchid family
Genus Platanthera
Species Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl. - Southern Rein Orchid; Pale Green Orchid; Southern Gypsy Spike

Citation

Citation Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 293. 1835.
Basionym: Orchis flava L. 1753.
Type: USA: VIRGINIA: Without data, Clayton 639 (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by Sheviak, in Cafferty & C.E. Jarvis, Taxon 45: 48. 1999.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Coeloglossum viride var. virescens Coeloglossum viride (Linnaeus) Hartman, var. virescens (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Luer, Native Orchids U.S. 172. 1975.Orchis virescens Muhlenberg ex Willdenow 1805. 
Habenaria flava var. herbiola Habenaria flava (Linnaeus) R. Brown ex Sprengel, var. herbiola (R. Brown) Ames & Correll, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 11: 61. 1943.Habenaria herbiola R. Brown 1813. 
Habenaria flava var. virescens Habenaria flava (Linnaeus) Lindley, var. virescens (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Fernald, Rhodora 23: 148. 1921.Orchis virescens Muhlenberg ex Willdenow 1805. 
Habenaria herbiola Habenaria herbiola R. Brown, in Aiton f., Hortus Kew. 5: 193. 1813.  
Habenaria scutellata Habenaria scutellata (Nuttall) F. Morris, Our Wild Orchids 58. 1929, nom. nud.Not cited, presumably Orchis scutellata Nuttall 1835. 
Habenaria virescens Habenaria virescens (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Sprengel, Syst. Veg. 3: 688. 1826.Orchis virescens Muhlenberg ex Willdenow 1805. 
Habenaria flava Habenaria flava (Linnaeus) R. Brown ex Sprengel, Syst. Veg. 3: 691. 1826.Orchis flava Linnaeus 1753. 
Orchis bidentata Orchis bidentata Elliott, Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 488. 1824.  
Orchis flava Orchis flava Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 942. 1753. VIRGINIA: Without data, Clayton 639 (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by Sheviak, in Cafferty & C. E. Jarvis, Taxon 45: 48. 1999.
Orchis flava var. virescens Orchis flava Linnaeus, var. virescens (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) J. Green, Trans. Soc. Promot. Useful Arts 3: 120. 1814.Orchis virescens Muhlenberg ex Willdenow 1805. 
Orchis herbiola Orchis herbiola (R. Brown) Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 743. 1814.Habenaria herbiola R. Brown 1813. 
Orchis scutellata Orchis scutellata Nuttall, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2. 5: 161. 1835.  
Orchis virescens Orchis virescens Muhlenberg ex Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 4: 37. 1805. PENNSYLVANIA
Peristylus virescens Peristylus virescens (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 298. 1835.Orchis virescens Muhlenberg ex Willdenow 1805. 
Perularia flava Perularia flava (Linnaeus) Farwell, Ann. Rep. Comm. Parks & Boulev. Detroit 11: 54. 1900.Orchis flava Linnaeus 1753. 
Perularia scutellata Perularia scutellata (Nuttall) Small, Fl. S.E. U.S., ed. 2. 314, 1375. 1913.Orchis scutallata Nuttall 1834. 
Perularia virescens Perularia virescens (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) A. Gray, Bot. Gaz. 5: 63. 1880.Orchis virescens Muhlenberg ex Willdenow 1805. 
Perularia bidentata Perularia bidentata (Elliott) Small, Fl. S.E. U.S., ed. 2. 314, 1375. 1913.Orchis bidentata Elliott 1824. 
Platanthera flava var. herbiola Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley, var. herbiola (R. Brown) Luer, Native Orchids U.S. 214. 1975.Habenaria herbiola R. Brown 1813. 
Platanthera herbiola Platanthera herbiola (R. Brown) Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 287. 1835.Habenaria herbiola R. Brown 1813. 
Platanthera flava    
Platanthera scutellata    
Satyrium virescens Satyrium virescens (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Persoon, Syn. Pl. 2: 507. 1806.Orchis virescens Muhlenberg ex Willdenow 1805. 
Tulotis herbiola Tulotis herbiola (R. Brown) Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 2: 37. 1837 ("1836").Habenaria herbiola R. Brown 1813. 

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bullock, Butler, Cherokee, Clay, Conecuh, Crenshaw, Dallas, Etowah, Geneva, Houston, Jackson, Lawrence, Lee, Limestone, Marengo, Marshall, Montgomery, Pike, Shelby, Talladega, Tallapoosa

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1896 - 1979

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AMAL00001314 Jackson 8 Jul 2000 Threlkeld, Steven J.
1300		 AMAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
UWAL0043499 Baldwin 12 Sep 2002 Larsen, Harry S.
1118		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl.
TROY000011370 Pike 08 Aug 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14591		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
JSU113573 Baldwin 8 Oct 2000 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10871		 JSU
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
AMAL00023461 Bullock 18 Jul 2017 Soehren, Eric C.
503		 AMAL
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl. var. flava
UWAL0015064 Bullock 18 Jul 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1046		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
TROY000035221 Dallas 17 Jul 2012 Webb, Wayne K.
s.n.		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
TROY000050198 Baldwin 23 Jul 1993 Horne, Howard E.
6		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
AUA_ACC_26714 Tallapoosa 5 Aug 1974 Hutto, T.A.
445		 AUA
Platanthera Flava (L.) Lindl.
AUA_ACC_63900 Pike 8 Aug 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14591		 AUA
Platanthera Flava (L.) Lindl.
TROY000047894 Autauga 07 Sep 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
1164		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
ALNHS00007867 Dallas 23 Aug 2021 Schotz, Alfred R.
PL-544		 ALNHS
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindley
AUA_ACC_51717 Conecuh 12 Jul 1991 Diamond, Alvin R.
7575		 AUA
Platanthera Flava (L.) Lindl.
UNA00062935 Pike 08 Aug 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14591		 UNA
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl.
UWAL0045772 Jackson 20 Aug 2019 Webb, David H.
8727		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl. var. flava
UWAL0017918 Pike 30 Jul 1972 Kral, Robert
47957		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl. var. flava
UWAL0033164 Houston 29 Oct 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
27006		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
TROY000011348 Houston 30 Jul 1993 MacDonald, John R.
6514		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
UWAL0011115 Dallas 17 Jul 2012 Webb, Wayne K.
s.n.		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
UWAL0046089 Autauga 07 Sep 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
1164		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
UWAL0031868 Conecuh 24 Sep 1982 Kral, Robert
69686		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
TROY000038691 Marengo 20 Jul 2012 England, J. Kevin
3755		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
UWAL0054337 Baldwin 06 Jul 2022 Keener, Brian R.
12520.5		 UWAL
Plantanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
TROY000011366 Pike 15 Jul 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12557		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
JSU113577 Lawrence 21 Jul 1996 Whetstone, R. David
18261		 JSU
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
UWAL0049973 Montgomery 26 Jul 2019 Diamond, Alvin R.
29027		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
JSU113578 Limestone 3 Aug 1996 Whetstone, R. David
18321		 JSU
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
JSU113581 Etowah 30 Jul 1995 Hodge-Spaulding, Lesley M.
4279		 JSU
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley var. herbiola (R. Brown ex Aiton f.) Luer
UWAL0037069 Shelby 23 Sep 2012 Webb, Wayne K.
s.n.		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindley
AMAL00001313 Cherokee 30 Jul 1995 Spaulding, Daniel D.
8726		 AMAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
ALNHS00002162 Houston 18 Jun 2013 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#1060		 ALNHS
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl. var. flava
TROY000043329 Houston 29 Oct 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
27006		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
TROY000038091 Bullock 18 Jul 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1046		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
ALNHS00007774 Crenshaw 27 JUL 2022 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#5814		 ALNHS
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl.
AUA_ACC_52144 Houston 3 Oct 1993 Diamond, Alvin R.
8862		 AUA
Platanthera Flava (L.) Lindl.
TROY000044182 Houston 21 Jul 2016 Diamond, Alvin R.
27559		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
UNA00008586 Limestone 16 Aug 1979 Meigs, Russell A.
220		 UNA
Habenaria flava (L.) R. Br.
SAMF0000738 Shelby 06 Oct 2011 Davenport, Lawrence J.
4930		 SAMF
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
JSU113575 Etowah 19 Oct 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
4022		 JSU
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley var. flava
UWAL0039505 Marshall 11 Jul 2017 Webb, David H.
8474		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl. var. flava
TROY000049370 Geneva 23 Oct 2019 Diamond, Alvin R.
29137		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
UWAL0019809 Houston 09 Jul 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26587		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
AUA_ACC_51052 Pike 29 Sep 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
7150		 AUA
Platanthera Flava (L.) Lindl.
ALNHS00005134 Conecuh 26 SEP 2017 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#3360		 ALNHS
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl.
TROY000042573 Houston 09 Jul 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26587		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
JSU113572 Baldwin 8 Oct 2000 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10872		 JSU
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley var. flava
JSU113574 Etowah 17 Jul 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
2873		 JSU
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
UWAL0015965 Butler 27 Aug 2013 Webb, Wayne K.
s.n.		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
TROY000039202 Butler 27 Aug 2013 Webb, Wayne K.
s.n.		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
TROY000036165 Barbour 22 Jun 2012 Minton, Eric W.
46		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
AMAL00009004 Pike 8 Aug 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14591		 AMAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
JSU113580 Talladega 8 Jul 1995 Ballard, J. Mark
5494		 JSU
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
UWAL0050319 Geneva 23 Oct 2019 Diamond, Alvin R.
29137		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
TROY000049626 Autauga 17 Apr 2018 Parker, Matthew R.
1603		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
ALNHS00003409 Tallapoosa 31 Jul 2015 Taylor, Chris T.
SP#1879		 ALNHS
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl. var. flava
AUA_ACC_51813 Crenshaw 12 Jul 1991 Diamond, Alvin R.
7584		 AUA
Platanthera Flava (L.) Lindl.
ALNHS00007656 Etowah 21 JUL 2021 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#5600		 ALNHS
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl.
JSU113576 Houston 30 Jul 1993 MacDonald, John R.
6514		 JSU
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley var. flava
AUA_ACC_51255 Clay 25 Aug 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
7082		 AUA
Platanthera Flava (L.) Lindl.
JSU113579 Limestone 29 Jun 1996 Ballard, J. Mark
5950		 JSU
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley var. flava
UNA00008581 Lee 09 May 1896 Underwood, L.M.
s.n.		 UNA
Habenaria flava (L.) R. Br.
UWAL0039758 Houston 21 Jul 2016 Diamond, Alvin R.
27559		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
AUA_ACC_72187 Marengo 20 Jul 2012 England, J. Kevin
3755		 AUA
Platanthera Flava (L.) Lindl.
TROY000049016 Montgomery 26 Jul 2019 Diamond, Alvin R.
29027		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
AUA_ACC_1933 Lee 10 Aug 1957 Prof.Moore
 AUA
Platanthera Flava (L.) Lindl.
TROY000029493 Pike 24 Aug 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
20884		 TROY
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
UWAL0053133 Cherokee 14 Jul 2020 Thompson, Joey
1192		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl.
UWAL0010535 Marengo 20 Jul 2012 England, J. Kevin
3755		 UWAL
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley
JSU113582 Jackson 30 Aug 1997 Ballard, J. Mark
7429		 JSU
Platanthera flava (Linnaeus) Lindley var. herbiola (R. Brown ex Aiton f.) Luer
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