Aureolaria virginica

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:OROBANCHACEAE
Species:Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
Common Name:Downy False Foxglove; Downy Oak Leach; Downy Yellow False Foxglove
Habitat:Deciduous forests and woodland edges.
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Downy False Foxglove is a native perennial in the Broomrape family (Orobanchaceae). It can be found throughout Alabama. Downy False Foxglove is a hemi-parasite (half parasitic—it contains chlorophyll and can produce its own sugars) on the roots of members of the white oak group. It occurs in hardwood forests, particularly in areas where there is disturbance such as along streams, along roads, and on banks. Downy False Foxglove forms connections with the roots of its host by way of a haustorium, a specialized root. Unlike many parasitic plants, Downy False Foxglove seed will germinate after a cold treatment even without the presence of the host. Downy False Foxglove grows from 1-5 feet in height. The stem is square, pubescent, rigid, and brittle. Lower stem leaves are petiolate, opposite, pubescent, and lanceolate in outline. The margins may be entire or pinnately lobed. Upper stem leaves are smaller, and usually have entire margins. Flowers are produced in terminal racemes in the axils of large bracts. The corolla is bright lemon yellow. It is 5 lobed with the stigma and stamens located at the top of the flower. The flowers are pollinated by large bees, and rarely last beyond noon. Most flowers will show damage from the bees in the form of torn and discolored areas. The fruit is a pubescent capsule with many small seed. This is the earliest of our Foxglove species to flower.--A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyOROBANCHACEAE - Broomrape family
Genus Aureolaria
Species Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell - Downy False Foxglove; Downy Oak Leach; Downy Yellow False Foxglove

Citation

Citation Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40(8): 409. 1913.
Basionym: Rhinanthus virginicus L. 1753.
Type: USA: VIRGINIA: Without data, Clayton 488 (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by Pennell, Torreya 19: 207. 1919.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Dasistoma brachycarpum Dasistoma brachycarpum Small, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 452. 1901. GEORGIA: DeKalb Co.: Stone Mountain, 6-12 Sep 1894, Small s.n. (holotype: NY).
Dasistoma dispersum Dasistoma dispersum Small, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 452. 1901. LOUISIANA: "Feliciana", s.d., Carpenter s.n. (holotype: NY).
Dasistoma pubescens Dasistoma pubescens Bentham, in de Candolle, Prodr. 10: 520. 1846.  
Dasistoma quercifolium var. intermedium Dasistoma quercifolium Bentham, var. intermedium Bentham, in de Candolle, Prodr. 10: 520. 1846.  
Gerardia brachycarpa Gerardia brachycarpa (Small) K. Schumann, Just's Bot. Jahresber. 29(1): 580. 1903.Dasistoma brachycarpum Small 1901. 
Gerardia dispersa Gerardia dispersa (Small) K. Schumann, Just's Bot. Jahresber. 29(1): 580. 1903.Dasistoma dispersum Small 1901. 
Gerardia quercifolia Gerardia quercifolia Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 423. 1814, nom. illegit.Rhinanthus virginicus Linnaeus 1753. 
Rhinanthus virginicus Rhinanthus virginicus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 603. 1753. VIRGINIA: Without data, Clayton 488 (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by Pennell, Torreya 19: 207. 1919.
Agalinis virginica Agalinis virginica (Linnaeus) S. F. Blake, Rhodora 20: 71. 1918.Rhinanthus virginicus Linnaeus 1753. 
Aureolaria dispersa Aureolaria dispersa (Small) Pennell, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 411. 1913.Dasistoma dispersum Small 1901. 
Aureolaria microcarpa Aureolaria microcarpa Pennell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 71: 270. 1920. ALABAMA: Jackson Co.: Stevenson, 17 Oct 1913, Pennell 5720 (holotype: PH).
Dasistoma quercifolium Dasistoma quercifolium Bentham, in de Candolle, Prodr. 10: 520. 1846, nom. illegit.Gerardia quercifolia Prush 1814, nom. illegit.; Rhinanthus virginicus Linnaeus 1753. 
Dasistoma virginica    
Gerardia virginica    

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Baldwin, Barbour, Bibb, Blount, Bullock, Calhoun, Cherokee, Chilton, Clarke, Clay, Cleburne, Coffee, Colbert, Crenshaw, Cullman, Dale, DeKalb, Etowah, Henry, Houston, Jackson, Jefferson, Lawrence, Lee, Limestone, Lowndes, Madison, Marshall, Mobile, Montgomery, Morgan, Pike, Randolph, Shelby, St. Clair, Sumter, Talladega, Tallapoosa, Tuscaloosa, Washington, Wilcox, Winston

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1892 - 1985

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
UNA00027151 Chilton _ Aug 1872 Smith, Eugene A.
s.n.		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139342 Marshall 29 Jun 1992 Spaulding, Daniel D.
2178		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000023652 Henry 07 Nov 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
20419		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_65935 Crenshaw 24 May 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
16414		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139321 Cleburne 10 Jul 1992 Ballard, J. Mark
306		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UNA00022733 Jackson 26 Jul 1956 Thomas, Joab L.
194		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139317 Clay 05 Jul 1992 Ballard, J. Mark
290		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_64698 Chilton 16 Jun 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15463		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139313 Cherokee 01 Sep 1983 Whetstone, R. David
13582		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
SAMF0004726 St. Clair 17 Sep 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3854		 SAMF
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UWAL0037854 Winston 07 Jun 2017 Spaulding, Daniel D.
14816		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
UNA00056920 Barbour 12 Aug 1998 MacDonald, John R.
11710		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
UWAL0035116 Lawrence 08 Jun 2017 England, J. Kevin
7949		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UNA00041525 Calhoun 19 Jul 1892 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139329 DeKalb 11 Aug 1974 Whetstone, R. David
3503		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_17205 Lee 20 Jul 1969 Thornhill, Randy
144		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
UNA00041527 Cleburne 18 Aug 1979 Davenport, Lawrence J.
1537		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
AUA_ACC_35065 Bibb 11 Aug 1977 Sessler, Ann H.
1802		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139322 Cullman 20 Jun 1975 Whetstone, R. David
4847		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000009009 Crenshaw 16 Jul 2000 Diamond, Alvin R.
11858		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_11301 Sumter 7 Sep 1963 Jones, Jr., Samuel B.
1764		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139328 Randolph 28 Jul 1988 Nixon, Christopher F.
4071		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UWAL0032178 Houston 04 Jun 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26447		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139344 Morgan 07 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
6074		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_14065 Lee 28 Jul 1966 Daly, Jr., Robert
 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139324 DeKalb 20 Aug 1992 Clearman, F.W., Jr.
209		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000009015 Pike 16 Aug 1996 Holmes, Jeanese
238		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139308 Calhoun 28 Jun 1986 Lawler, Carol L.
679		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UWAL0001029 St. Clair 17 Sep 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3854		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
UNA00041528 Tuscaloosa 27 May 1976 Harvey, Denise
46		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139340 Madison 09 Sep 1995 Threlkeld, Steven J.
007		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000023754 Chilton 16 Jun 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15463		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_21358 Tallapoosa 19 Aug 1971 Moore, Harold D.
1193		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
TROY000009005 Bullock 12 Aug 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13575		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_37197 Clarke 20 May 1981 Henderson, T.
99		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139320 Cleburne 09 Jun 1994 Hruska, Susan E.
234		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000042636 Houston 04 Jun 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26447		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139327 Etowah 04 Sep 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
3491		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_20429 Henry 29 Jul 1970 Moore, Harold D.
466		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139346 St. Clair 03 Sep 1982 Whetstone, R. David
12094		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
SAMF0004725 St. Clair 04 Aug 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3803		 SAMF
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UNA00050787 Randolph 2 Aug 1986 Nixon, C.F.
3509		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
TROY000009007 Crenshaw 24 May 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
16414		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139316 Clay 19 Jul 1983 Bussey, Melanie G.
772		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UNA00041524 29 Jul 1896 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139323 DeKalb 12 Sep 1986 Whetstone, R. David
15667		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UWAL0005420 Tallapoosa 19 Aug 1971 Moore, Harold D.
1193		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
AUA_ACC_44527 Pike 23 Aug 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
UWAL0004081 Colbert 08 Jun 1981 Kral, Robert
67396		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
UNA00041520 Calhoun 25 Jul 1979 Haynes, Robert R.
7499		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139339 Lee 13 Jul 1973 Johnson, Kenneth G.
111		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000042468 Houston 07 May 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26306		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139347 Talladega 02 Aug 1992 Ballard, J. Mark
395		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000009010 Dale 06 Jun 2000 Woods, Michael
8141		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
USAM000014371 Mobile 12 Aug 1972 LeLong, Michel G.
6735		 USAM
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139335 Jefferson 28 May 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
266		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UWAL0004084 Jackson 04 Jul 2007 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12684		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
UNA00059269 Crenshaw 07 Jul 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13467		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
UWAL0018094 Limestone 22 Jun 1991 Kral, Robert
78994		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139309 Calhoun 15 Jun 1982 Whetstone, R. David
11314		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139345 Randolph 19 Aug 1986 Nixon, Christopher F.
2795		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UWAL0001787 Crenshaw 11 Aug 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21528		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
UWAL0035050 Morgan 10 Jun 2017 England, J. Kevin
8010		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000009008 Crenshaw 07 Jun 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13467		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
SAMF0004724 St. Clair 20 Sep 2011 Davenport, Lawrence J.
4886		 SAMF
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_35046 Jefferson 28 Jul 1977 Sessler, Ann H.
1763		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139319 Cleburne 23 Jul 1980 Whetstone, R. David
10166		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000009012 Dale 21 Jul 1998 Rundell, Hannelore
594		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139348 Talladega 02 Aug 1992 Ballard, J. Mark
395		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000031547 Tallapoosa 19 Aug 1971 Moore, Harold D.
1193		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139337 Jefferson 23 May 1985 Barber, J. Patrick
1535		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UWAL0001031 Wilcox 07 Aug 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3818		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139341 Marshall 21 Jul 1992 Spaulding, Daniel D.
2391		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000009011 Dale 20 Jun 1999 Prazinko, Brian F.
181		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_22370 DeKalb 24 Jul 1970 Hopson, George R.
.00102		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139306 Calhoun 30 Jul 1986 Lawler, Carol L.
905		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139333 Jackson 12 Jul 1999 Brodeur, Kristin R.
2082		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000029212 Montgomery 09 Aug 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
20863		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UWAL0004083 Henry 07 Nov 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
20419		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
UWAL0004082 Crenshaw 20 Jul 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
19578		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
TROY000009014 Pike 07 Jul 2000 Diamond, Alvin R.
11770		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
SAMF0004723 Jefferson 16 Jun 2010 Davenport, Lawrence J.
4311		 SAMF
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_33192 Shelby 26 Aug 1976 Sessler, Ann H.
410		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139314 Chilton 22 Jun 1982 Whetstone, R. David
11696		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000033190 Wilcox 07 Aug 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3818		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_70527 St. Clair 4 Aug 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3803		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
TROY000009006 Coffee 31 Jul 2000 Martin, Brian H.
811		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139336 Jefferson 17 May 1985 Barber, J. Patrick
1480		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UNA00041529 Bibb 23 Jul 1985 Horn, Charles N.
693		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
UWAL0014706 Bullock 19 Jun 2012 Dykes, Bailee
886		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139338 Lee 13 Jul 1973 French, Tom W.
202		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000009013 Dale 06 Jun 2000 Pennington, Tiffany
742		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139311 Calhoun 30 Jul 1986 Lawler, Carol L.
905		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139331 Jackson 03 Jul 1998 Brodeur, Kristin R.
987		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UNA00041522 Calhoun 28 Sep 1893 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
AUA_ACC_40893 Cherokee 1 Sep 1983 Whetstone, R.David
13582		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
AUA000038113 Morgan 10 Jun 2017 England, J. Kevin
8010		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
ALNHS00005428 DeKalb 21 JUN 2017 Taylor, Chris T.
DLR-274		 ALNHS
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
AUA_ACC_34927 Jefferson 23 Jun 1977 Sessler, Ann H.
1639		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139312 Cherokee 22 Jun 1975 Whetstone, R. David
5000		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000033188 St. Clair 04 Aug 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3803		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_70540 St. Clair 17 Sep 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3854		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
UNA00053909 Blount 26 Jul 1997 Keener, Brian R.
269		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
UWAL0044993 Bullock 18 Jul 2017 Horne, Howard E.
4041		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139334 Jackson 28 Jul 1975 Whetstone, R. David
5358		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_14483 Lee 28 Jul 1966 Daly, Jr., Robert
 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139325 DeKalb 20 Aug 1992 Clearman, F.W., Jr.
217		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000023755 Clay 16 Aug 1981 Kral, Robert
67659		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139310 Calhoun 28 Jun 1986 Lawler, Carol L.
679		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139315 Clarke 23 Sep 1973 Bedwell, C.R.
104		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UNA00041523 Washington 22 Jun 1895 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
AUA_ACC_19063 Lowndes 20 Aug 1970 Moore, Harold D.
797		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
TROY000033191 St. Clair 17 Sep 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3854		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_33149 Bibb 10 Aug 1976 Sessler, Ann H.
332		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139318 Cleburne 20 Jul 1995 Hruska, Susan E.
823		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
TROY000009004 Barbour 15 Jul 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12555		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139330 DeKalb 30 Jul 1975 Whetstone, R. David
5586		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139326 Etowah 09 Jun 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
2276		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UWAL0001032 St. Clair 04 Aug 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3803		 UWAL
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139332 Jackson 05 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
5823		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
USAM000014370 Baldwin 19 Sep 1976 LeLong, Michel G.
9487		 USAM
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
UNA00050782 Randolph 2 Aug 1986 Nixon, C.F.
3509		 UNA
Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell
TROY000036274 Bullock 19 Jun 2012 Dykes, Bailee
886		 TROY
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
JSU139307 Calhoun 20 Sep 1986 Lawler, Carol L.
1229		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
AUA_ACC_17204 Morgan 2 Aug 1969 Atkeson, Thomas D.
210		 AUA
Aureolaria Virginica (L.) Pennell
JSU139343 Marshall 13 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
6351		 JSU
Aureolaria virginica (Linnaeus) Pennell
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