Quercus incana

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:FAGACEAE
Species:Quercus incana W. Bartram
Common Name:Blue Jack Oak; Sand Jack Oak
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Tree
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:QUIN
Plant Notes:Blue Jack Oak is a small deciduous native tree in the Beech family (Fagaceae). It is native to the southern two-thirds of Alabama, but is most common in the southern half of the state. Blue Jack Oak occurs on xeric sites in sandhills, in longleaf pine forests, in scrub oak woodlands, on old dunes, and on hill tops. It is a small tree reaching 30-50 feet in height. The bark is thick, black, and broken into square plates. Leaves are alternate, petiolate, lanceolate to elliptic in outline, with entire margins. The upper surface of the leaf is glossy with rarely a few scattered hairs along the midrib or near the base. The lower surface of the leaf is densely grey pubescent. Male flowers are produced in drooping yellowish-red catkins. Female flowers are produced singly or in pairs on short stalks. The fruit is a nut. Acorns take two years to mature. The cup of the acorn is shallow and covers ¼ of the acorn. The acorns are consumed by many types of wildlife, including various species of birds, squirrels, raccoons, wild turkey, and deer. Blue Jack Oak is a common small tree or shrub in xeric sandy sites, often occurring with Turkey Oak (Quercus laevis Walter) and Sand Post Oak (Quercus margarettiae Ashe ex Small). When seen from a distance the trees have a blueish cast. Blue Jack Oak is tardily deciduous, and brown leaves often remain on the tree late into the year. Blue Jack Oak is sometimes available from native plant nurseries. It is very drought tolerant, and its small size makes it better adapted to modern landscapes where other species of oaks may become too large.--A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyFAGACEAE - Beech family
Genus Quercus
Species Quercus incana W. Bartram - Blue Jack Oak; Sand Jack Oak

Citation

Citation Quercus incana W. Bartram, Travels Carolina 378, 403. 1791.
Basionym: **
Type: Quercus incana W. Bartram, Travels Carolina 378, 403. 1791.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Dryopsila cinerea Dryopsila cinerea Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 27. 1838.Quercus cinerea Rafinesque 1838, non Michaux 1801. 
Dryopsila cuneifolia Dryopsila cuneifolia Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 27. 1838.Quercus cuneifolia Rafinesque 1838. 
Quercus cinerea Quercus cinerea Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 27. 1838, non Michaux 1801. "Florida and Carol.",
Quercus cinerea var. dentatolobata Quercus cinerea Michaux, var. dentatolobata Alph. de Candolle, in de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 73. 1864. FLORIDA: Without data, Rugel s.n. (holotype: G?).
Quercus cuneifolia Quercus cuneifolia Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 27. 1838. FLORIDA
Quercus phellos var. brevifolia Quercus phellos Linnaeus, var. brevifolia Lamarck, Encycl. 1: 722. 1785.  
Quercus phellos var. latifolia Quercus phellos Linnaeus, var. latifolia Marshall, Arbust. Amer. 124. 1785.  
Quercus phellos var. sericea Quercus phellos Linnaeus, var. sericea Aiton, Hort. Kew. 3: 354. 1789.  
Quercus pumila var. sericea Quercus pumila Walter, var. sericea (Aiton) Engelmann, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 3: 384. 1876.Quercus phellos Linnaeus, var. sericea Aiton 1789. 
Quercus sericea Quercus sericea (Aiton) Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 4: 424. 1805.Quercus phellos Linnaeus, var. sericea Aiton 1789. 
Quercus brevifolia Quercus brevifolia (Lamarck) Sargent, Silva N. Amer. 8: 171, t. 431. 1895, non Kotschy ex Alph. de Candolle 1864.Quercus phellos Linnaeus, var. brevifolia Lamarck 1785. 
Quercus cinerea Quercus cinerea Michaux, Hist. Chênes Amér. t. 14. 1801.  

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bibb, Bullock, Butler, Cherokee, Choctaw, Clarke, Coffee, Conecuh, Coosa, Covington, Crenshaw, Cullman, Dale, Dallas, DeKalb, Elmore, Escambia, Greene, Hale, Houston, Lamar, Lee, Macon, Marengo, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Pike, Randolph, Russell, Tuscaloosa

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, TROY, UNA, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1896 - 2021

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
TROY000032425 Butler 18 May 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22134		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
JSU123496 Lee 9 Aug 1973 Russell, Robin
232		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
UNA00032404 Pike 29 Sep 1979 McDaniel, Sidney
22941		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
AUA_ACC_41943 Cherokee 1 Sep 1983 Griffin, Tina
067		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
ALNHS00004622 Mobile 20 Apr 2017 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#2974		 ALNHS
Quercus incana Bartr.
JSU123487 Cherokee 8 Jul 1969 Cofield, Jan
s.n.		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
UNA00063077 Crenshaw 10 Jul 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14485		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
UWAL0008607 Montgomery 01 Jul 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22303		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartram
TROY000005925 Crenshaw 10 Jul 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
144835		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA_ACC_52678 Pike 3 Sep 1989 Diamond, Alvin R.
6341		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
TROY000047376 Autauga 11 Apr 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
607		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
JSU123484 Baldwin 10 Aug 1993 Spaulding, Daniel D.
4295		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
UWAL0007686 Autauga 06 Oct 2006 Keener, Brian R.
3125		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartr.
UNA00032405 Mobile 04 Apr 1896 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
AUA_ACC_70287 Escambia 19 May 2009 Hansen, Curtis J.
3957		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
USAM000006887 Mobile 09 May 1969 Scott, D.L.
299		 USAM
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA_ACC_2014 Lee 24 Aug 1934 Strougher, W.F.
 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
JSU123497 Lee 9 May 1964 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA000042927 Baldwin 30 Aug 1925 Wolf, Wolfgang
1873		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
UWAL0011911 Baldwin 11 Aug 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7431		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartram
TROY000045712 Autauga 29 Sep 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
144		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
UNA00032409 Hale 10 Oct 1982 Burckhalter, Robert
59		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
JSU142215 Monroe 05 Jul 2011 Barger, T. Wayne
RH-271		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
ALNHS00007946 DeKalb 19 May 2021 Yawn, Noah D.
NDY#197		 ALNHS
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA000035280 Covington 15 Aug 2011 Hansen, Curtis J.
5200		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
ALNHS00000418 Dallas 29 Mar 2010 Barger, T. Wayne
OC-169		 ALNHS
Quercus incana Bartr.
AUA_ACC_10204 Lee 16 May 1962 Landers, K.E.
 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
JSU123485 Baldwin 17 Aug 1976 Atkinson, Tim A.
1906		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA_ACC_42093 Conecuh 9 Aug 1986 Diamond, Alvin R.
2664		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
TROY000020133 Autauga 06 Oct 2006 Keener, Brian R.
3125		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
JSU123490 Cherokee 31 May 1968 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA000042931 Baldwin 25 Aug 1925 Wolf, Wolfgang
1874		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
TROY000005929 Pike 01 Mar 1999 Martin, Brian H.
13		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
JSU123494 Elmore 10 May 1980 Whetstone, R. David
10099		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
TROY000033072 Escambia 19 May 2009 Hansen, Curtis J.
3957		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
UNA00032468 Russell 10 Jul 1988 Burckhalter, Robert
1447		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
UNA00048908 Barbour 10 May 1997 MacDonald, John R.
10449		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
AUA_ACC_10165 Lee 5 May 1962 Mcgee, R.J.
 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
UNA00032483 Cullman _ Aug 1896 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
AUA_ACC_46156 Pike 26 Jun 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3375		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
UWAL0007689 Crenshaw 26 May 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
19327		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartr.
USAM000006888 Mobile 09 May 1969 Scott, D.L.
299		 USAM
Quercus incana Bartram
UWAL0005470 Butler 18 May 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22134		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA_ACC_8890 Baldwin 1 May 1965 Gamble, Tom
46		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
UWAL0048154 Autauga 29 Sep 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
144		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartram
UWAL0007690 Dallas 13 May 2009 Keener, Brian R.
5260		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartr.
TROY000051381 Choctaw 09 Oct 2016 Keener, Brian R.
9823		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA_ACC_52837 Dale 24 May 1992 Diamond, Alvin R.
8280		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
UNA00023540 Choctaw 20 Sep 1994 Haynes, Robert R.
9521		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
JSU123486 Cherokee 1 Sep 1983 Nixon, Christopher F.
389		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
TROY000005928 Escambia 05 Jul 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14462		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
UWAL0016278 Elmore 18 May 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25108		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartram
TROY000020042 Crenshaw 26 May 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
19327		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA_ACC_10219 Lee 4 May 1962 Landers, K.E.
 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
AUA_ACC_63806 Crenshaw 10 Jul 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14435		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
AUA_ACC_10659 Macon 15 May 1963 Smoot, B.C.
 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
TROY000005930 Pike 07 May 1998 Prazinko, Brian F.
7		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
JSU123495 Lee 9 May 1964 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA000042942 Cullman 28 May 1931 Wolf, Wolfgang
 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
TROY000005927 Dale 03 May 1998 Rundell, Hannelore
562		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
UWAL0011479 Bullock 27 Jun 2012 Dykes, Bailee
954		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartram
TROY000020043 Covington 09 May 2005 Kral, Robert
96308		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
UNA00028769 Conecuh 18 Jul 1993 Burckhalter, Robert
2332		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
JSU142214 Monroe 05 Jul 2011 Barger, T. Wayne
RH-271		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
UWAL0054383 Choctaw 31 Oct 2020 Keener, Brian R.
12109		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartman
AUA_ACC_48386 Coosa 5 Oct 1980 Webb, A.L.
062		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
UNA00032478 Mobile _ Jul _ Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
AUA_ACC_46002 Houston 9 Jun 1971 Kral, Robert
43152		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
UWAL0046099 Autauga 11 Apr 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
607		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartram
JSU123492 Choctaw 13 Sep 1997 Higginbotham, Jerri W.
245		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
UNA00046157 Lamar 18 May 1988 McDaniel, Sidney
29805		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
AUA_ACC_36376 Bibb 15 Sep 1981 Golden, M.S.
S. N.		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
UNA00045837 Tuscaloosa 1 Oct 1997 Ginzbarg, S.
1063		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
UWAL0007687 Bullock 11 Oct 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
21047		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartr.
AUA_ACC_69423 Covington 9 Jul 2009 Hansen, Curtis J.
4136		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
UNA00027569 _ Oct 1879 Langdon, Dan
s.n.		 UNA
Quercus cinerea Michx.
AUA_ACC_35900 Bibb 17 Oct 1979 Beckett, Scott W.
364		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
TROY000038689 Marengo 19 Jul 2012 England, J. Kevin
3754		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
USAM000006886 Mobile 08 Jun 1967 LeLong, Michel G.
3227		 USAM
Quercus incana Bartram
UWAL0007688 Covington 20 Jul 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
20798		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartr.
TROY000005924 Coffee 22 Oct 1999 Martin, Brian H.
339		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA_ACC_7374 Lee 20 May 1958 Lewis, Arnold D.
 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
TROY000039388 Elmore 18 May 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25108		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA_ACC_47565 Escambia 7 Nov 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3755		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
UWAL0056662 Greene 24 Jun 2021 England, Kevin J.
12339		 UWAL
Quercux incana Bartram
JSU123491 Cherokee 28 May 1968 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA000042928 Cullman 1 Oct 1931 Wolf, Wolfgang
 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
TROY000033138 Montgomery 01 Jul 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22303		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
JSU123498 Randolph 16 Sep 1986 Nixon, Christopher F.
2928		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
TROY000029685 Bullock 11 Oct 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
21047		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
UWAL0010544 Marengo 19 Jul 2012 England, J. Kevin
3754		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartram
TROY000028248 Covington 20 Jul 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
20798		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA_ACC_63747 Escambia 5 Jul 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14462		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
JSU123493 Clarke 24 Jun 1984 Whetstone, R. David
14306		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
UWAL0033612 Choctaw 09 Oct 2016 Keener, Brian R.
9823		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartram
UWAL0053971 Tuscaloosa 11 Sep 2021 England, J. Kevin
12493		 UWAL
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA_ACC_47558 Butler 8 Nov 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3771		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
TROY000035560 Bullock 27 Jun 2012 Dykes, Bailee
954		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
JSU123488 Cherokee 31 May 1968 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
AUA000042945 Cullman 12 Apr 1933 Wolf, Wolfgang
 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
TROY000040872 Baldwin 11 Aug 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7431		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
JSU123489 Cherokee 1 Sep 1983 Whetstone, R. David
13569		 JSU
Quercus incana Bartram
TROY000005926 Dale 30 Jun 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13432		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
UNA00032410 Bibb 30 Apr 1985 Burckhalter, Robert
367		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
TROY000019684 Escambia 20 Nov 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
20461		 TROY
Quercus incana Bartram
UWAL0043557 Baldwin 20 Jul 2000 Larsen, Harry S.
347		 UWAL
Quercus incana W. Bartram
AUA_ACC_59470 Pike 1999 Martin, Brian
13		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
UNA00057789 Bibb 02 May 1993 Allison, James R.
7586		 UNA
Quercus incana Bartr.
AUA_ACC_49893 Crenshaw 25 Jul 1989 Diamond, Alvin R.
6107		 AUA
Quercus Incana Bartr.
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