Euphorbia hirta

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:EUPHORBIACEAE
Species:Euphorbia hirta L.
Common Name:Hairy Spurge; Pill Pod Sandmat
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Annual
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Hairy Spurge is an introduced herbaceous annual in the Spurge family (Euphorbiaceae). It is native from central Mexico south into South America. In Alabama it can be found primarily in the southern half of the state. Hairy Spurge occurs in the cracks of sidewalks, in parking lots, along railroads, in flower beds, and in lawns. It is an erect or prostrate annual with a tap root. The plants are usually branched near the base. The stems are pubescent with long white hairs and green or red in color. Leaves are opposite, petiolate, ovate to rhombic in outline, with toothed margins. The base of the leaf is asymmetrical. The leaves are pubescent with scattered long hairs, and are often purplish-red in color. The flowers are produced in dense axillary and terminal cymes. The flowers occur in cyathia (the inflorescence which resembles a single flower, but consists of a cup-shaped involucre of fused bracts enclosing 2-8 greatly reduced male flowers and a single female flower). The ovary is pubescent. The fruit is a 3-sided capsule. Hairy Spurge is common in urban areas, but often goes un-noticed due to its small size and lack of showy flowers. All parts of the plant contain a milky white sap. This species may be found under the older name Chamaesyce hirta (Linnaeus) Millspaugh.--A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native
References:**

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyEUPHORBIACEAE - Spurge family
Genus Euphorbia
Species Euphorbia hirta L. - Hairy Spurge; Pill Pod Sandmat

Citation

Citation Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 454. 1753.
Basionym: **
Type: INDIA: Without data (lectotype: LINN 630.7). Lectotypified by L. C. Wheeler, Contr. Gray Herb. 124: 72. 1939.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Chamaesyce rosei Chamaesyce rosei Millspaugh, Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 402. 1916. MEXICO: Sonora: Vicinity of Alamos, 13 Mar 1910, Rose et al. 12728 (holotype: NY).
Ditritra hirta Ditritra hirta (Linnaeus) Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 115. 1838.Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus 1753. 
Euphorbia capitata Euphorbia capitata Lamarck, Encycl. 2: 422. 1788, nom. illegit.Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus 1753. 
Euphorbia globulifera Euphorbia globulifera Kunth, in Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 2: 56. 1817. VENEZUELA
Euphorbia hirta var. typica Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus, var. typica L. C. Wheeler, Contr. Gray Herb. 127: 68. 1939, nom. inadmiss.Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus 1753. 
Euphorbia nodiflora Euphorbia nodiflora Steudel, Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2. 1: 613. 1841, non Waldstein & Kitaibel ex Host 1831.Euphorbia verticillata Vellozo 1829, non Desfontaines 1804, nec Poiret 1812, nec Fischer 1812. 
Euphorbia obliterata Euphorbia obliterata Jacquin, Enum. Syst. Pl. 22. 1760.  
Euphorbia pilulifera var. guaranitica Euphorbia pilulifera Linnaeus, var. guaranitica Chodat & Hassler, Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2. 5: 679. 1905. PARAGUAY: Upper Río Apa, Nov 1901, Hassler 7735 (holotype: G; isotype; GH).
Euphorbia pilulifera var. hirta Euphorbia pilulifera Linnaeus, (var.) hirta (Linnaeus) Thellung, in Ascherson & Graebner, Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 7: 425. 1916.Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus 1753. 
Euphorbia pilulifera var. obliterata Euphorbia pilulifera Linnaeus, var. obliterata (Jacquin) Hitchcock, Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 4: 127. 1893.Euphorbia obliterata Jacquin 1760. 
Euphorbia verticillata Euphorbia verticillata Vellozo, Fl. Flumin. 202. 1829 ("1825"), non Desfontaines 1804, nec Poiret 1812, nec Fischer 1812. BRAZIL
Chamaesyce hirta Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 454. 1753.Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus 1753. 
Euphorbia pilulifera var. discolor Euphorbia pilulifera Linnaeus, var. discolor Engelmann, in Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 188. 1858 ("1859"). ARIZONA: Santa Cruz Co.: On the Sonoita near deserted rancho, 16 Sep 1851, Wright 1842 (holotype: MO).

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Calhoun, Conecuh, Covington, Dale, Escambia, Houston, Lee, Madison, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Pike, Tuscaloosa

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1939 - 1965

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
UWAL0002239 Escambia 06 Jun 2008 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12914		 UWAL
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
TROY000043247 Dale 15 Oct 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26895		 TROY
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
UWAL0036237 Barbour 08 Sep 2013 Keener, Brian R.
8171		 UWAL
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
UNA00055932 Houston 22 Oct 1994 MacDonald, John R.
8105		 UNA
Euphorbia hirta L.
UNA00059506 Autauga 07 Sep 2002 Spaulding, Daniel D.
11563		 UNA
Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp.
AUA_ACC_67376 Mobile 17 Jul 2007 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12694		 AUA
Euphorbia Hirta L.
UNA00059927 Calhoun 23 Aug 1995 Spaulding, Daniel D.
8730		 UNA
Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp.
AUA_ACC_51821 Pike 10 Aug 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
5347		 AUA
Euphorbia Hirta L.
UWAL0011375 Monroe 02 Aug 2011 Keener, Brian R.
6622		 UWAL
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
TROY000021784 Mobile 17 Jul 2007 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12694		 TROY
Chamaesyce hirta (Linnaeus) Millspaugh
TROY000052138 Houston 22 Nov 2020 Diamond, Alvin R.
29530		 TROY
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
TROY000045487 Montgomery 25 Jun 2017 Diamond, Alvin R.
27852		 TROY
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
USAM000005990 Mobile 03 Jul 1967 LeLong, Michel G.
3345		 USAM
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_54380 Baldwin 27 Jun 1974 Kral, Robert
53571		 AUA
Euphorbia Hirta L.
ALNHS00006750 Lee 11 Aug 2019 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#4713		 ALNHS
Euphorbia hirta L.
UWAL0039589 Conecuh 23 Nov 2017 Diamond, Alvin R.
28010		 UWAL
Euphorbia hirta L.
UWAL0016232 Escambia 27 Oct 2013 Diamond, Alvin R.
24676		 UWAL
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
UWAL0034038 Baldwin 03 Jun 2016 Keener, Brian R.
9660		 UWAL
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
TROY000004577 Pike 11 Dec 1998 Rundell, Hannelore
s.n.		 TROY
Chamaesyce hirta (Linnaeus) Millspaugh
UWAL0045630 Madison 07 Jul 2019 Finzel, Brian
s.n.		 UWAL
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
UNA00009497 Tuscaloosa 19 Sep 1939 Harper, Roland M.
3752		 UNA
Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp.
UWAL0007542 Mobile 17 Jul 2007 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12694		 UWAL
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
TROY000046482 Conecuh 23 Nov 2017 Diamond, Alvin R.
28010		 TROY
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
TROY000034660 Escambia 06 Jun 2008 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12914		 TROY
Chamaesyce hirta (Linnaeus) Millspaugh
SAMF0002482 Monroe 02 Aug 2011 Davenport, Lawrence J.
4759		 SAMF
Chamaesyce hirta (Linnaeus) Millspaugh
TROY000040549 Monroe 02 Aug 2012 Keener, Brian R.
6622		 TROY
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
UNA00009439 Mobile 26 Aug 1965 Deramus, Rebecca
D708		 UNA
Euphorbia hirta L.
JSU149558 Houston 10 Sep 1994 MacDonald, John R.
7652		 JSU
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
UWAL0012791 Baldwin 12 Sep 2012 Barger, T. Wayne
776		 UWAL
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
ALNHS00001461 Baldwin 12 Sep 2012 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#776		 ALNHS
Euphorbia hirta L.
UWAL0039935 Montgomery 25 Jun 2017 Diamond, Alvin R.
27852		 UWAL
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
UNA00009440 Mobile _ Sep 1884 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Euphorbia hirta L.
AUA_ACC_49958 Baldwin 19 Sep 1975 Kral, Robert
56568		 AUA
Euphorbia Hirta L.
AUA_ACC_71711 Baldwin 12 Sep 2012 Barger, T. Wayne
776		 AUA
Euphorbia Hirta L.
UWAL0044277 Baldwin 08 Sep 2005 Larsen, Harry S.
1470		 UWAL
Euphorbia hirta L.
UWAL0031869 Dale 15 Oct 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26895		 UWAL
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
TROY000018758 Autauga 07 Sep 2002 Spaulding, Daniel D.
11563		 TROY
Chamaesyce hirta (Linnaeus) Millspaugh
USAM000005991 Mobile 28 Oct 1969 LeLong, Michel G.
5279		 USAM
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_34437 Covington 17 Sep 1979 Crawford, Lloyd C.
 AUA
Euphorbia Hirta L.
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