Ponthieva racemosa

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:ORCHIDACEAE
Species:Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) C. Mohr
Common Name:Shadow Witch
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:PORA4
Plant Notes:Shadow Witch is a native perennial wildflower in the Orchid family (Orchidaceae). It occurs in scattered locations across Alabama, south through Central America to northern South America. Shadow Witch grows in bald cypress swamps, seeps, rich calcareous woods, and in cedar glades. It has a basal rosette of green lance shaped leaves that have a succulent appearance. The flower stalks are produced in late autumn and grow to a height of six to eighteen inches. They are pubescent and reddish brown or green in color. Shadow Witch produces up to two dozen flat flowers that are about one half inch across. They open from the bottom of the stalk towards the top. The flowers are white striped with mint green, and are held nearly parallel with the ground. They have a faint citrus odor. It is listed as an S2 plant in Alabama (typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state), and globally as a G4/5 plant (G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors-G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery). Shadow Witch is sometimes available from nurseries that sell native orchids. It can be grown in a terrarium or pot with moist organic soil. Shadow Witch produces asexual clones from the roots, and usually occurs in small colonies. Before purchasing plants, you should make sure they were nursery grown and not wild collected. --A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FACW+ (NWI), S2 (State Rank), G4G5 (Global Rank)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyORCHIDACEAE - Orchid family
Genus Ponthieva
Species Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) C. Mohr - Shadow Witch

Citation

Citation Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) C. Mohr, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 6: 460. 1901.
Basionym: Arethusa racemosa Walter 1788.
Type: USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Fraser/Walter 8-D (neotype: BM). Neotypified by D.B. Ward, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 427. 2007.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Arethusa racemosa Arethusa racemosa Walter, Fl. Carol. 222. 1788. SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Fraser/Walter 8-D (neotype: BM). Neotypified by D. B. Ward, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 427. 2007.
Cranichis multiflora Cranichis multiflora Elliott ex Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 191. 1818. SOUTH CAROLINA
Neottia glandulosa Neottia glandulosa Sims, Bot. Mag. 22: t. 842. 1805. "West Indies", without data, Anderson s.n. (holotype: Sims, Bot. Mag. 22: t. 842. 1805).
Ponthieva costaricensis Ponthieva costaricensis Schlechter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 19: 84. 1923. COSTA RICA: Tablazo, Dec 1908, Brade & Brade 1264 (holotype: B?).
Ponthieva glandulosa Ponthieva glandulosa (Sims) R. Brown, in Aiton f., Hortus Kew. 5: 200. 1813.Neottia glandulosa Sims 1805. 
Ponthieva guatemalensis Ponthieva guatemalensis Reichenbach f., Beitr. Orchid. Centr.-Amer. 63. 1866.  
Ponthieva oblongifolia Ponthieva oblongifolia A. Richard & Galeotti, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., ser. 3. 3: 30. 1845.  
Ponthieva rostrata Ponthieva rostrata Lindley, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 15: 385. 1845.  

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Bibb, Butler, Clarke, Conecuh, Dallas, Escambia, Houston, Jackson, Lawrence, Lowndes, Monroe, Montgomery, Shelby, St. Clair, Sumter, Talladega, Winston

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1852 - 1982

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
UWAL0046916 Autauga 13 Oct 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
187		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
JSU113592 Monroe 14 Oct 1982 Whetstone, R. David
12798		 JSU
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
UWAL0006212 Conecuh 25 Sep 1982 Kral, Robert
69691		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
TROY000043330 Houston 29 Oct 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
27005		 TROY
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
UWAL0038582 Sumter 17 Sep 2017 Keener, Brian R.
10452		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) C. Mohr
AUA_ACC_55273 Houston 18 Sep 1993 Diamond, Alvin R.
8793		 AUA
Ponthieva Racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
UWAL0015617 Lawrence 30 Oct 2012 England, J. Kevin
4023		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
TROY000026613 Lowndes 14 Sep 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4853		 TROY
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
UWAL0005070 Lowndes 14 Sep 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4853		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
AUA_ACC_39217 Dallas 2 Oct 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
1335		 AUA
Ponthieva Racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
ALNHS00005167 Shelby 21 SEP 2017 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#3388		 ALNHS
Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
TROY000035732 Butler 16 Sep 2012 Diamond, Alvin R.
23370		 TROY
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) C. Mohr
AUA_ACC_39219 Dallas 1 Oct 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
1327		 AUA
Ponthieva Racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
UWAL0012027 St. Clair 11 Oct 1998 Keener, Brian R.
1757		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
ALNHS00006359 Dallas 01 Oct 2019 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#4231		 ALNHS
Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
TROY000051444 Sumter 17 Sep 2017 Keener, Brian R.
10452		 TROY
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
JSU113593 Monroe 14 Oct 1982 Whetstone, R. David
12798		 JSU
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
UWAL0033165 Houston 29 Oct 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
27005		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
AMAL00017308 Jackson 27 Aug 2009 Barger, T. Wayne
381		 AMAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
UWAL0043532 Baldwin 10 Nov 2006 Larsen, Harry S.
1584		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) C. Mohr
TROY000051470 Winston 30 Oct 2021 England, J. Kevin
4021		 TROY
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
SAMF0003027 Winston 30 Oct 2012 England, J. Kevin
4021		 SAMF
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
UNA00012841 Clarke 28 Oct 1852 Denny, Dr. T.
s.n.		 UNA
Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
UNA00012842 Talladega 19 Sep 1875 Smith, Eugene A.
s.n.		 UNA
Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
AUA_ACC_52143 Houston 3 Oct 1993 Diamond, Alvin R.
8863		 AUA
Ponthieva Racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
UNA00008618 Lowndes 03 Oct 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
1375		 UNA
Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
ALNHS00007882 Dallas 28 Jul 2021 Barger, T. Wayne
PL-482		 ALNHS
Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
AUA_ACC_39218 Lowndes 3 Oct 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
1375		 AUA
Ponthieva Racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
TROY000035319 Butler 02 Sep 2012 Diamond, Alvin R.
23284		 TROY
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
TROY000045399 Montgomery 28 Sep 2006 Schotz, Alfred
2042		 TROY
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
UWAL0011065 Butler 29 Aug 2012 Webb, Wayne K.
s.n.		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
AMAL00015000 Dallas 23 May 2007 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12625		 AMAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
TROY000011372 Houston 24 Oct 1993 MacDonald, John R.
6875		 TROY
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
UWAL0012463 Butler 16 Sep 2012 Diamond, Alvin R.
23370		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
UWAL0015616 Winston 30 Oct 2012 England, J. Kevin
4021		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
UWAL0034592 Escambia 02 Oct 1994 Kral, Robert
84215		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C.Mohr
UWAL0014942 Butler 02 Sep 2012 Diamond, Alvin R.
23284		 UWAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
TROY000045725 Autauga 13 Oct 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
187		 TROY
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
UNA00057714 Bibb 05 Sep 1993 Allison, James R.
7960		 UNA
Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
JSU113594 St. Clair 11 Oct 1998 Keener, Brian R.
1757		 JSU
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
AMAL00013818 Shelby 28 Sep 2007 Barger, T. Wayne
s.n.		 AMAL
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr
UNA00008613 Dallas 01 Oct 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
1327		 UNA
Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
ALNHS00005145 Dallas 25 SEP 2017 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#3356		 ALNHS
Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr
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