Frangula caroliniana

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:RHAMNACEAE
Species:Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
Common Name:Carolina Buckthorn; Indian Cherry; Carolina False Buckthorn
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:Salt shrub
Growth Habit:Shrub
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Carolina Buckthorn is a native deciduous shrub or small tree in the Buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae). It is native throughout most of Alabama, but is most common in areas with calcareous soils. It occurs on prairies, on cedar glades, on shell middens, in mixed pine/hardwood forests, and along fence rows. Carolina Buckthorn is a large shrub or small tree to 20 feet in height. The bark is smooth and gray-brown in color with slightly raised lenticels. Leaves are alternate, petiolate, oblong to elliptic in outline, with serrate, crenate, or entire margins. The upper surface of the leaf is glabrous, glossy, and dark green in color and the lower surface in lighter green in color and pubescent along the veins. The leaves turn red or yellow before dropping in the autumn. Flowers are produced in 1-14 flowered umbels in the axis of the leaves. Flowers are cup-shaped with 5 erect greenish-yellow or white sepals, and 5 yellowish petals. The fruit is a drupe that changes in color from green to red and finally black as it matures. The fruit are consumed by a variety of song birds. Carolina Buckthorn is a larval host plant for the Gray Hairstreak (Strymon melinus), Spring Azure (Celastrina ladon), and Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui) butterflies. This species was previously known as Rhamnus carolinianus Walter.—A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FACU (NWI)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyRHAMNACEAE - Buckthorn family
Genus Frangula
Species Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray - Carolina Buckthorn; Indian Cherry; Carolina False Buckthorn

Citation

Citation Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray, Gen. Amer. Bor. 2: 178. 1849.
Basionym: Rhamnus caroliniana Walter 1788.
Type: USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Fraser/Walter 91-F (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by D.B. Ward, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 429. 2007.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Rhamnus caroliniana var. mollis Rhamnus caroliniana Walter, var. mollis Fernald, Rhodora 12: 79. 1910. ILLINOIS: Jackson Co.: Grand Tower, s.d., Vasey s.n. (holotype: GH).
Sarcomphalus carolinianus Sarcomphalus carolinianus (Walter) Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 29. 1838.Rhamnus caroliniana Walter 1788. 
Rhamnus caroliniana RHAMNUS CAROLINIANA Walter, Fl. Carol. 101. 1788. SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Fraser/Walter 91-F (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by D. B. Ward, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 429. 2007.

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bibb, Blount, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun, Cherokee, Chilton, Choctaw, Clarke, Clay, Cleburne, Colbert, Conecuh, Coosa, Covington, Crenshaw, Cullman, Dallas, DeKalb, Escambia, Etowah, Fayette, Franklin, Greene, Hale, Jackson, Jefferson, Lamar, Lawrence, Lee, Limestone, Lowndes, Madison, Marengo, Marion, Marshall, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Pickens, Pike, Shelby, St. Clair, Sumter, Talladega, Tallapoosa, Tuscaloosa, Washington, Wilcox, Winston

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1878 - 2019

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
SAMF0002107 Jefferson 22 Jul 1958 McCullough, Herbert A.
s.n.		 SAMF
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
UWAL0019428 Dallas 21 May 1993 Kral, Robert
82397		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129542 Etowah 25 Oct 1984 Nixon, Christopher F.
988		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000023095 Pickens 30 Jun 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3734		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_48278 Monroe 8 Nov 1980 Webb, A.L.
235		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129531 Clarke 13 Sep 1997 Whetstone, R. David
18819		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009523 Tuscaloosa 23 May 1977 Sawyer, J.
28		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
AUA_ACC_39342 Dallas 17 Jun 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
819		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UNA00009524 Jackson 21 Aug 1949 Harvill, A.M. Jr.
s.n.		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
JSU129701 Talladega 18 Apr 1982 Whetstone, R. David
10910		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000022974 Winston 02 Jul 2008 England, J. Kevin
842		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
SAMF0002108 Lawrence 02 Aug 2012 Davenport, Lawrence J.
5343		 SAMF
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
UWAL0033690 Greene 16 May 2016 Keener, Brian R.
9599		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129546 Etowah 11 Nov 1993 Hodge, Lesley M.
642		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009508 Lowndes 23 May 1987 Burckhalter, Robert
1040		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
TROY000008221 Pike 05 May 1999 Martin, Brian H.
99		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_65363 Bullock 28 Aug 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15700		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
USAM000013524 Madison 20 Jun 1976 Shelton, David R.
s.n.		 USAM
Rhamnus carolinianus Walter
UWAL0032585 Marion 28 May 2016 England, J. Kevin
6478		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129529 Choctaw 1 Nov 1997 Whetstone, R. David
19034		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000051365 Greene 16 May 2016 Keener, Brian R.
9599		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
UWAL0016364 Montgomery 24 Jul 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25366		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
JSU129573 Monroe 14 Oct 1982 Whetstone, R. David
12391		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000008218 Crenshaw 14 Oct 1999 Diamond, Alvin R.
11633		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
USAM000013527 Baldwin 22 Jun 1977 LeLong, Michel G.
9892		 USAM
Rhamnus carolinianus Walter
AUA_ACC_39451 Wilcox 20 May 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
676		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UNA00009507 Winston 13 Sep 1980 Lentz, David L.
154a		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
UNA00062915 Wilcox 06 Aug 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14560		 UNA
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
TROY000051446 St. Clair 03 Sep 2017 Keener, Brian R.
10429		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
USAM000013529 Monroe 27 Apr 1975 LeLong, Michel G.
8385		 USAM
Rhamnus carolinianus Walter
UWAL0037807 Mobile 20 Jun 1998 Sorrie, Bruce A.
9787		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
JSU139260 Shelby 12 Oct 1996 Spaulding, Daniel D.
9326		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009519 Tuscaloosa 23 May 1974 Carlson, J. Terry
35		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
AUA_ACC_60836 DeKalb 5 Nov 1966 Marchinton, R.L.
 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0035696 Hale 17 Jun 2016 Davenport, L.J.
6363		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
USAM000013520 Mobile 05 Jun 1978 LeLong, Michel G.
10247		 USAM
Rhamnus carolinianus Walter
UWAL0003720 Sumter 20 Jul 1995 Stanton, Lee E.
B-089		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129539 DeKalb 15 May 1996 Whetstone, R. David
17544		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000022731 Lowndes 15 Aug 2005 Kral, Robert
96718		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_63858 Wilcox 6 Aug 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14560		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0046529 Autauga 01 Sep 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
23		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
UNA00009509 Tuscaloosa 23 Jul 1965 Deramus, Rebecca
441		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
AUA_ACC_53046 Chilton 17 Sep 1993 Diamond, Alvin R.
8782		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
AUA_ACC_37097 Monroe 4 May 1981 O'Halloran, K.
117		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129535 Cleburne 28 Sep 1993 Belue, M.E.
044		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00067084 Pickens 30 Jun 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3734		 UNA
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
AUA000035705 Franklin 5 Oct 1940 Morgan, M.
 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129543 Etowah 21 May 1976 Atkinson, Tim A.
1508		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129574 Morgan 15 Sep 1996 Spaulding, Daniel D.
9128		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009507 Winston 13 Sep 1980 Lentz, David L.
154a		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
UWAL0003722 Winston 02 Jul 2008 England, J. Kevin
842		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129520 Bibb 31 Jul 1998 Whetstone, R. David
19595		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
USAM000013521 Mobile 03 Jun 1978 LeLong, Michel G.
10256		 USAM
Rhamnus carolinianus Walter
SAMF0006682 Hale 17 Jun 2016 Davenport, Lawrence J.
6363		 SAMF
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
AUA000043764 Madison 14 Sep 2019 Hansen, Curtis J.
7763		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129580 St. Clair 22 Sep 1983 Nixon, Christopher F.
424		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000022658 Butler 30 Aug 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
17994		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_12317 Calhoun 10 Jul 1968 Landers, K.E.
 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129522 Bibb 13 May 1983 Whetstone, R. David
13463		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00022035 Montgomery 23 Jun 1974 Kral, Robert
53349		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
AUA_ACC_39341 Autauga 15 Jun 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
714		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UNA00009518 Winston 13 Sep 1980 Gyllenhaal-Davis, Charlotte
25		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
JSU129566 Madison 17 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
6623		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000037075 Bullock 31 Aug 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1176		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
UWAL0038572 St. Clair 03 Sep 2017 Keener, Brian R.
10429		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
JSU129530 Choctaw 13 Sep 1997 Higginbotham, Jerri W.
275		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009520 Dallas 23 May 1987 Burckhalter, Robert
1026		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
TROY000023096 Sumter 10 Jul 2006 Keener, Brian R.
3192		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_40803 Jefferson 28 May 1984 Barber, J.P.
630		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0014858 Bullock 31 Aug 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1176		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
USAM000013523 Mobile 05 Jun 1978 LeLong, Michel G.
10247		 USAM
Rhamnus carolinianus Walter
UWAL0003721 Sumter 06 Sep 1993 Stanton, Lee E.
B-088		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129538 DeKalb 15 May 1996 Whetstone, R. David
17561		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000008223 Lee 17 Jun 1978 Kral, Robert
62042		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_46353 Lowndes 9 Aug 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3496		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UNA00047551 Madison 25 Sep 1971 Simmers, Richard W.
2490		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
UNA00009524 Jackson 21 Aug 1949 Harvill, Jr., A.M.
s.n.		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
AUA_ACC_44860 Conecuh 18 Aug 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
1571		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0003715 Pickens 10 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1085		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129534 Clay 6 May 1967 Boone, W.E. (Bill)
s.n.		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00041768 St. Clair 20 Sep 1997 Keener, Brian R.
463		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
UWAL0003716 Pickens 30 Jun 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3734		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129550 Jackson 27 May 1974 Atkinson, Tim A.
262		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU153038 Bibb 22 Jul 1982 Whetstone, R. David
11754		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00056912 Barbour 10 Jun 1998 MacDonald, John R.
11435		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
USAM000013522 Mobile 27 May 1978 LeLong, Michel G.
10200		 USAM
Rhamnus carolinianus Walter
AUA000042552 Covington 24 Sep 2003 Pancake, Jr., Dale C.
S.N.		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0030271 Jackson 08 Sep 2015 Davenport, L.J.
5945		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
USAM000013528 Marengo 24 Oct 1970 Woolf, Barbara
s.n.		 USAM
Rhamnus carolinianus Walter
UWAL0038177 Monroe 27 Apr 1975 LeLong, Michel G.
8385		 UWAL
Frangula carolinianus (Walter) A. Gray
JSU129571 Marshall 13 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
6398		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UWAL0003712 Butler 30 Aug 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
17994		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129572 Monroe 14 Oct 1982 Whetstone, R. David
12791		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000039368 Conecuh 15 Jun 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25212		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
AUA_ACC_64830 Marengo 17 Jun 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15477		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
AUA_ACC_3390 Montgomery 5 Nov 1954 Moore, William H.
 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129578 St. Clair 18 Sep 1983 Beavers, Donna D.
s.n.		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00064533 Marengo 17 Jun 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15477		 UNA
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
AUA000042491 Colbert 22 Aug 2013 Barger, T. Wayne
FH148		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129545 Etowah 10 Aug 1974 Atkinson, Tim A.
585		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129570 Marshall 13 Sep 1991 Spaulding, Daniel D.
921		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00064109 Cherokee 08 Aug 1987 Dickson, Catherine C.
461		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
UWAL0003714 Marengo 04 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1002		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129544 Etowah 27 Jun 1967 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000023092 Franklin 05 Oct 1940 Morgan, M.
s.n.		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
SAMF0003159 Jackson 08 Sep 2015 Davenport, Lawrence J.
5945		 SAMF
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
SAMF0002113 Jefferson 24 Sep 2010 LeCroy, Kate
14a		 SAMF
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
AUA_ACC_63099 Lowndes 9 Jul 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
14015		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UNA00050701 Marion 25 Apr 1996 Smith, Norman
528		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
UWAL0057204 Bibb 17 May 2019 Keener, Brian R.
11182		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
AUA_ACC_72791 Jackson 16 Apr 2009 Barger, T. Wayne
HC192		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0033817 Dallas 17 May 2015 Keener, Brian R.
8871		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129564 Madison 15 Oct 1975 Whetstone, R. David
7029		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_48783 Pike 18 May 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
4798		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0003717 Sumter 10 Jul 2006 Keener, Brian R.
3192		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129547 Jackson 15 Jul 1998 Brodeur, Kristin R.
1013		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000037318 Coosa 12 Jul 2013 Diamond, Alvin R.
24366		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
UWAL0003713 Cullman 15 Aug 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4774		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129579 St. Clair 22 Sep 1983 Baldwin, D. Dean
18		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129548 Jackson 23 May 1975 Whetstone, R. David
3983		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000027726 Tallapoosa 27 Apr 2006 Barger, T. Wayne
165		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_40789 Hale 4 May 1977 Atkinson, T.A.
 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
AUA000043564 Blount 30 Oct 1922 Wolf, Wolfgang
 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129540 Etowah 5 Jun 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
1811		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UWAL0003728 Lowndes 15 Aug 2005 Kral, Robert
96718		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129561 Limestone 26 May 1996 Whetstone, R. David
17787		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009510 Sumter 11 Jun 1969 Thomas, Joab L.
2200		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
AUA_ACC_14255 Montgomery 3 Aug 1967 Rankin, H.Taylor
 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129521 Bibb 30 May 1970 Kral, Robert
39398		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00014044 Tuscaloosa 02 Jun 1878 Smith, Eugene A.
s.n.		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
AUA_ACC_65868 Butler 20 Jul 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
16722		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0016431 Conecuh 15 Jun 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25212		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A.Gray
JSU129567 Marshall 30 May 1992 Spaulding, Daniel D.
1969		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00016912 Mobile 11 Oct 1884 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
JSU129553 Jefferson 14 Sep 1985 Barber, J. Patrick
1759		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129569 Marshall 7 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
6013		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009521 Dallas 13 May 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
562		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
TROY000037791 Fayette 07 Jun 2009 Younghance, Steven L.
194		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
AUA000038135 Morgan 22 Aug 2015 England, J. Kevin
5650		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0047264 Autauga 15 Sep 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
94		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
UNA00009522 Tuscaloosa 23 May 1952 Chermock, Ralph L.
s.n.		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
AUA_ACC_37607 Washington 5 Oct 1981 Henderson, T.
702		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UNA00020188 Franklin 31 Jul 1987 Bryson, Charles T.
6884		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
UNA00026148 Lawrence 23 Sep 1995 Birk, Michelle
531		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
TROY000022659 Marengo 04 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1002		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129552 Jefferson 28 May 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
630		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129537 Dallas 9 Jun 1984 Whetstone, R. David
14079		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
ALNHS00001091 Clarke 22 May 2012 Horne, Howard E.
SWS-154		 ALNHS
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
AUA_ACC_58907 Pike 1999 Martin, Brian
99		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0038892 Escambia 25 Jun 2010 Hansen, Curtis J.
4828		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129559 Limestone 26 May 1996 Whetstone, R. David
17999		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000023091 Chilton 18 May 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15365		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_37353 Clarke 14 May 1981 Henderson, T.
081		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0013293 Fayette 07 Jun 2009 Younghance, Steve L.
194		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129562 Madison 22 Sep 1995 Threlkeld, Steven J.
94		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000040697 Montgomery 24 Jul 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25366		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
JSU129554 Jefferson 23 May 1985 Barber, J. Patrick
1573		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129575 Morgan 9 Jun 1975 Whetstone, R. David
4572		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009514 Bibb 23 Jul 1985 Horn, Charles N.
707		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
JSU129558 Lawrence 18 Sep 1994 Spaulding, Daniel D.
6442		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00053914 Blount 26 Jul 1997 Keener, Brian R.
286		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
AUA_ACC_38148 Calhoun 22 Aug 1983 Griffin, Tina
059		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0034771 Madison 19 May 1995 Kral, Robert
84659		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
UNA00009511 Tuscaloosa 15 May 1962 Deramus, Rebecca
s.n.		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
SAMF0002111 Jackson 02 Jun 2006 Davenport, Lawrence J.
3443		 SAMF
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
UWAL0014875 Coosa 12 Jul 2013 Diamond, Alvin R.
24366		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
JSU129528 Cherokee 8 Aug 1987 Dickson, Catherine C.
461		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009526 Butler 16 May 1898 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
JSU129533 Clay 6 Oct 1994 Ballard, J. Mark
3348		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129525 Calhoun 27 May 1986 Lawler, Carol L.
600		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009516 Autauga 15 Jun 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
714		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
TROY000023094 Hale 13 May 2003 Woods, Michael
9732		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00058101 Blount 23 May 1998 Keener, Brian R.
828		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
AUA000032656 Escambia 25 Jun 2010 Hansen, Curtis J.
 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UNA00009519 Tuscaloosa 23 May 1974 Carlson, Terry
35		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
UNA00066927 Sumter 10 Jul 2006 Keener, Brian R.
3192		 UNA
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
TROY000044617 Autauga 01 Sep 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
23		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
USAM000013525 Monroe 16 May 1973 LeLong, Michel G.
7068.1		 USAM
Rhamnus carolinianus Walter
UWAL0033509 Lawrence 09 Jul 2016 England, J. Kevin
6629		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129551 Jackson 4 Jun 1975 Whetstone, R. David
4239		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129557 Jefferson 30 Jun 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
724		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
SAMF0007434 Tuscaloosa 15 Jul 2016 Davenport, L.J.
6448		 SAMF
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
TROY000008216 Bullock 28 Aug 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15700		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129536 Colbert 26 May 1996 Whetstone, R. David
17959		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009512 Hale 30 Jun 1966 Thomas, Joab L.
845		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
UWAL0003723 Winston 03 Oct 2008 England, J. Kevin
1331		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129526 Calhoun 10 Jul 1968 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000027727 Blount 23 May 1998 Keener, Brian R.
831		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_63612 Lowndes 8 Jul 2004 Hansen, Curtis J.
1548		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0003719 Sumter 11 May 1999 Stundon, T.
B-167		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129541 Etowah 17 Apr 1968 Stuart, Martha
s.n.		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000008222 Wilcox 06 Aug 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14560		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129555 Jefferson 14 Sep 1985 Barber, J. Patrick
1759		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129576 Morgan 7 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
6050		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009515 Wilcox 20 May 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
676		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
UNA00009518 Winston 13 Sep 1980 Gyllenhaal-Davis, Charlotte
25		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
AUA_ACC_33999 Bibb 10 May 1977 Sessler, Ann H.
1264		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UNA00020185 Madison 4 Jul 1987 Bryson, Charles T.
6351		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
UNA00069339 Marengo 04 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1002		 UNA
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
TROY000048079 Dallas 17 May 2015 Keener, Brian R.
8871		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
SAMF0002109 Jefferson 17 Aug 1948 Pannell, E.J.
s.n.		 SAMF
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
UWAL0019985 Morgan 22 Aug 2015 England, J. Kevin
5650		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A.Gray
JSU129532 Clarke 31 Oct 1997 Whetstone, R. David
18973		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129556 Jefferson 28 May 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
630		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129568 Marshall 1 Sep 1979 Wolford, Pat
0024		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000008220 Marengo 17 Jun 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15477		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
SAMF0002110 Blount 17 Jul 2012 Davenport, Lawrence J.
5255		 SAMF
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
AUA_ACC_47158 Jackson 23 Jul 1983 Dodd, J.K.
91		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129523 Blount 13 Oct 1984 Nixon, Christopher F.
964		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000008219 Lowndes 09 Jul 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
14015		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_46798 Butler 30 Aug 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3568		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU146261 Calhoun 24 Jun 1996 Hutchinson, Francine
2419		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129565 Madison 15 Oct 1975 Whetstone, R. David
7029		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_39434 Dallas 13 May 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
562		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
UWAL0018862 Madison 27 Jun 1986 Kral, Robert
73541		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129563 Jackson 16 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
6589		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
TROY000032949 Dallas 12 May 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22083		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UWAL0003718 Sumter 29 Sep 2006 Keener, Brian R.
3111		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129577 St. Clair 22 Sep 1983 Baldwin, D. Dean
s.n.		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009517 Jackson 18 Aug 1988 Burckhalter, Robert
1472		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
TROY000008217 Butler 20 Jul 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
16722		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UWAL0005398 Dallas 12 May 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22083		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129527 Cherokee 6 Jun 1968 Clonts, Jerry A.
s.n.		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009525 Clay 31 Jul 1896 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
USAM000013526 Monroe 16 May 1973 LeLong, Michel G.
7068.2		 USAM
Rhamnus carolinianus Walter
UWAL0036716 Lamar 13 Jul 2017 England, J. Kevin
8118		 UWAL
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
JSU129549 Jackson 5 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
5788		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
AUA_ACC_40049 Marion 16 Jun 1985 Avery, Tony D.
S.N.		 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
AUA000043563 Morgan 5 Jun 1922 Wolf, Wolfgang
 AUA
Frangula Caroliniana (Walt.) Gray
JSU129560 Limestone 12 Oct 1997 Hofmann, Tim L.
00844		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00058415 Blount 23 May 1998 Keener, Brian R.
831		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
JSU129702 Winston 6 Aug 1993 Ballard, J. Mark
3148		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
JSU129524 Calhoun 27 May 1986 Lawler, Carol L.
600		 JSU
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
UNA00009513 Marengo 30 Aug 1979 Davenport, Lawrence J.
1563		 UNA
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.
TROY000023093 Hale 13 May 2003 Woods, Michael
9731		 TROY
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) Gray
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  • Salt shrub – A shrubland community that forms the ecotone between salt marsh and upland vegetation. Salinity levels are generally lower here than in the salt marsh (soil pore salinity ranges 7 ppt to 27 ppt); and the elevation is higher. Salt shrub does not usually develop on deep peat. More often, it occurs on a thin (0-10 cm) layer of peat, and soils share characteristics of both estuarine and maritime terrestrial settings.

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