Cliftonia monophylla

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:CYRILLACEAE
Species:Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britton ex Sarg.
Common Name:Buckwheat Tree; Black Titi
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Tree
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Black Titi is an evergreen shrub or small tree in the Titi family (Cyrillaceae). It is found in the southern third of Alabama. Black Titi often forms thickets along blackwater streams and in bogs. It is multi-stemmed, and may reach a height of twenty five feet. Black Titi has alternate, simple, leathery leaves. The leaves are dark green and shiny above and lighter green or whitish below. The flowers are produced in early spring. Flowers are arranged in upright racemes at the ends of the branches. Each flower has five white petals and bright orange anthers. The flowers are fragrant and an important nectar source for bees. The fruit is a five winged drupe that resembles the fruit of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), giving this plant an alternate common name of Buckwheat Tree. Black Titi is easily cultivated in southern Alabama. It prefers moist sandy soil in full sun. Black Titi is rarely available from native plant nurseries. A selection known as “Chipola Pink’, with pink flowers is sometimes available.--A. Diamond.
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, OBL (NWI)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyCYRILLACEAE - Titi family
Genus Cliftonia
Species Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britton ex Sarg. - Buckwheat Tree; Black Titi

Citation

Citation Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent, Silva 2: 7. 1892.
Basionym: Ptelea monophylla Lam. 1792.
Type: **

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Cliftonia ligustrina Cliftonia ligustrina (Willdenow) Sims ex Sprengel, Syst. Veg. 2: 316. 1825.Mylocaryum ligustrinum Willdenow 1809. 
Cliftonia nitida C. F. Gaertner FLORIDA: "habitat in Florida occidentali",
Mylocaryum ligustrinum Mylocaryum ligustrinum Willdenow, Enum. Pl. 454. 1809.  
Ptelea monophylla Ptelea monophylla Lamarck, Tabl. Encycl. 1: 336. 1792.  

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Baldwin, Butler, Clarke, Coffee, Conecuh, Covington, Escambia, Geneva, Houston, Macon, Mobile, Monroe, Washington

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1950 - 1982

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AMAL00006573 Covington 15 Jun 1999 MacDonald, John R.
13033		 AMAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AUA_ACC_16774 Baldwin 3 Apr 1966 Watson, R.L.
 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00053361 Escambia 06 May 2000 Haynes, Robert R.
10046		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
JSU120897 Clarke 31 Oct 1997 Whetstone, R. David
18984		 JSU
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UNA00059005 Escambia 19 May 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13206		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_18086 Geneva 25 Jul 1968 Kral, Robert
32007		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
USAM000005403 Mobile 20 Mar 1968 LeLong, Michel G.
4241.2		 USAM
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AUA_ACC_37572 Escambia 6 Sep 1981 Henderson, T.
550		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
AUA_ACC_13062 Baldwin 1 May 1965 Dickens, Ray
 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00047472 Conecuh 28 Mar 1994 Wendt, Tom
6618		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AMAL00006579 Mobile 25 Mar 1995 Spaulding, Daniel D.
8701		 AMAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UNA00012984 Mobile 09 Apr 1950 Crawford, Lloyd C.
862		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_70391 Covington 19 May 2009 Hansen, Curtis J.
4020		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UWAL0007392 Baldwin 26 May 2006 Keener, Brian R.
2904		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_37054 Monroe 8 Apr 1981 O'Halloran, K.
062		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00012998 Baldwin 30 Apr 1978 Harvey, Denise
324		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
JSU139545 Escambia 06 May 2000 Haynes, Robert R.
10046		 JSU
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UWAL0034466 Geneva 30 Mar 1996 Kral, Robert
85719		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AMAL00009182 Covington 19 May 2009 Hansen, Curtis J.
4020		 AMAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
TROY000032769 Houston 17 Jan 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
21734		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
SAMF0004020 Covington 21 Mar 1981 Davenport, Lawrence J.
2123		 SAMF
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AUA_ACC_41337 Escambia 29 Dec 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
2040		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
TROY000004206 Escambia 19 May 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13206		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
JSU120898 Escambia 29 Mar 1993 Ballard, J. Mark
1252		 JSU
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UNA00012978 Mobile 27 Mar 1977 Sisk, A.D.
90		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
TROY000004204 Covington 15 Jun 1999 MacDonald, John R.
13033		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UNA00012981 Macon 19 Oct 1973 Flournoy, D.R.
138		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_66246 Covington 21 Mar 1981 Davenport, L.J.
2123		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
AUA_ACC_45097 Mobile 11 Apr 1986 Malo, Lorne K.
 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
TROY000004205 Covington 08 Jul 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12515		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AUA_ACC_47757 Baldwin 27 Aug 1969 Moore, Harold D.
668-69		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UWAL0042970 Baldwin 08 Jul 1993 Walker, M.M.
193		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
TROY000033085 Covington 19 May 2009 Hansen, Curtis J.
4020		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
USAM000005402 Baldwin 11 Apr 1975 LeLong, Michel G.
8317		 USAM
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AUA_ACC_10699 Macon 27 Mar 1963 Hayes, A.W.
 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
TROY000004203 Covington 21 Mar 1981 Davenport, Lawrence J.
2123		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UWAL0054304 Monroe 26 Feb 2022 Keener, Brian R.
12357		 UWAL
Cliftonia monphylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AMAL00007542 Baldwin 10 Nov 2002 Zebryk, Tad M.
8036		 AMAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
SAMF0007439 Baldwin 05 Mar 2021 Davenport, L.J.
6806		 SAMF
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
SAMF0004027 Escambia 31 Mar 1962 Findley, Davis
40		 SAMF
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UWAL0010809 Butler 17 Mar 2012 Diamond, Alvin R.
22860		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
TROY000004202 Butler 23 May 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13214b		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UNA00013000 Clarke 28 Feb 1975 Ellison, D. Jeanne
s.n.		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
TROY000032677 Conecuh 27 Jun 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22269		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AMAL00006572 Butler 23 May 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13214b		 AMAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
TROY000004201 Baldwin 26 Dec 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
16099		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AMAL00012917 Baldwin 26 May 2006 Keener, Brian R.
2904		 AMAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AUA_ACC_24029 Baldwin 8 Apr 1972 Freeman, John D.
744		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UWAL0008462 Conecuh 27 Jun 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22269		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UNA00064924 Baldwin 26 May 2006 Keener, Brian R.
2904		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_45261 Baldwin 22 Mar 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3049		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00070451 Covington 15 Jun 1999 MacDonald, John R.
13033		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
UWAL0034423 Mobile 10 Jun 1995 Kral, Robert
84992		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
AMAL00010949 Covington 21 Mar 1981 Davenport, Lawrence J.
2123		 AMAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UWAL0007393 Covington 21 Mar 1981 Davenport, L.J.
2123		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Sargent
AUA_ACC_16773 Macon 9 Apr 1966 Koelling, Alfred C.
 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00059014 Butler 23 May 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13214b		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_65715 Baldwin 26 Dec 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
16099		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
ALNHS00003541 Baldwin 27 Aug 2015 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#1956		 ALNHS
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt.
JSU120896 Baldwin 16 May 1964 Bozarth, Gene A.
s.n.		 JSU
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
TROY000004207 Escambia 25 Mar 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
13811		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
JSU120894 Baldwin 23 Jun 1984 Whetstone, R. David
12278		 JSU
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UWAL0037890 Mobile 30 Mar 1974 LeLong, Michel G.
7507		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt.
AUA_ACC_19602 Baldwin 26 Jul 1969 Moore, Harold D.
513-69		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UWAL0050795 Baldwin 14 Apr 1973 Villadsen, Martha
129		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) K. Koch
UNA00012999 4 Mar _ Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_41333 Butler 24 Dec 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
2014		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00059646 Baldwin 10 Nov 2002 Zebryk, Tad M.
8036		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
UNA00012987 Baldwin 28 Mar 1964 McDaniel, Sidney
4065		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AMAL00006575 Covington 08 Jul 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12515		 AMAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
SAMF0007710 Covington 05 Apr 2021 Davenport, L.J.
6826		 SAMF
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
SAMF0004026 Mobile 31 Mar 2007 Davenport, Lawrence J.
3655		 SAMF
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UWAL0008240 Houston 17 Jan 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
21734		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UNA00060617 Escambia 25 Mar 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
13811		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_66623 Mobile 26 Mar 1994 Payne, Clint
35		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
TROY000039166 Covington 14 Mar 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
24861		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AMAL00006577 Escambia 19 May 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13206		 AMAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
TROY000032024 Coffee 25 Mar 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21206		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AMAL00006571 Baldwin 26 May 2002 Keener, Brian R.
2065		 AMAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UWAL0038338 Baldwin 11 Apr 1975 LeLong, Michel G.
8317		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UWAL0037895 Mobile 30 Mar 1974 LeLong, Michel G.
7470		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt.
JSU120892 Baldwin 29 Mar 1998 Brodeur, Kristin R.
458		 JSU
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AUA_ACC_64786 Mobile 19 Apr 1958 Traverse, Alfred
546		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00012982 Baldwin 28 Jan 1950 Harvill, Jr., A.M.
s.n.		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
JSU120899 Houston 7 May 1995 MacDonald, John R.
8629		 JSU
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UNA00073013 Washington 20 Apr 2017 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#2958		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_6155 Baldwin 16 May 1964 Creel, John
 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
TROY000004200 Baldwin 26 May 2006 Keener, Brian R.
2904		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
USAM000005404394 Baldwin 20 Apr 1974 LeLong, Michel G.
7626		 USAM
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AUA_ACC_50280 Covington 30 Mar 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
6780		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
AUA_ACC_72567 Baldwin 21 Feb 2008 Barger, T. Wayne
PERD-202		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00012986 Clarke 26 Mar 1966 Thomas, Jerry P.
14		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
UNA00012988 Escambia 31 Mar 1962 Ingram, Dianne
34		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_3309 Escambia 18 May 1958 Davis, Donald E.
 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
AUA_ACC_66617 Baldwin 28 Sep 1985 Moore, C.M.
038		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
AUA_ACC_37083 Monroe 11 May 1981 O'Halloran, K.
134		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00012977 Escambia 07 Aug 1979 Davenport, Lawrence J.
1487		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
JSU140401 Baldwin 16 Apr 1959 Grelen, H.E.
4/59-38		 JSU
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UWAL0015815 Covington 14 Mar 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
24861		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
TROY000030919 Escambia 18 May 1958 Davis, Donald E.
s.n.		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
ALNHS00003473 Houston 8 Apr 2015 Barger, T. Wayne
DTP-106		 ALNHS
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt.
SAMF0004028 Mobile 24 Mar 1963 Deramus, Rebecca
263		 SAMF
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AUA_ACC_41250 Escambia 28 Nov 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
1899		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00064069 Baldwin 23 Jun 1984 Whetstone, R.D.
12278		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
USAM000005401 Mobile 14 Jul 1967 LeLong, Michel G.
3375.2		 USAM
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UWAL0007394 Monroe 29 Mar 1981 Kral, Robert
66789		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
TROY000047353 Mobile 30 Mar 1974 Lelong, Michel G.
7507		 TROY
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UNA00012983 Escambia 31 Mar 1962 Findley, Davis
40		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AMAL00006576 Escambia 25 Mar 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
13811		 AMAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
AUA_ACC_42045 Escambia 12 Apr 1986 Diamond, Alvin R.
2308		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00012985 Washington 27 Mar 1977 Davenport, Lawrence J.
15		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_43440 Conecuh 17 Aug 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
1542		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UWAL0002083 Coffee 25 Mar 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21206		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
UNA00058035 Baldwin 26 May 2002 Keener, Brian R.
2065		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_45260 Escambia 22 Mar 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3046		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00012989 Mobile 27 Mar 1982 Haynes, Robert R.
8504		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_32275 Baldwin 26 Jul 1969 Kral, Robert
35815		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
JSU120895 Baldwin 28 Sep 1985 Lawler, Carol L.
078		 JSU
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UWAL0007395 Escambia 18 May 1958 Davis, Donald E.
s.n.		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
AUA_ACC_12377 Baldwin 1 May 1965 Koelling, Alfred C.
2210		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00050172 Baldwin 23 Jun 1984 Whetstone, R. David
12278		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
AUA_ACC_63021 Escambia 25 Mar 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
13811		 AUA
Cliftonia Monophylla (Lam.) Sarg.
UNA00065306 Covington 21 Mar 1981 Davenport, Lawrence J.
2123		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
UNA00016790 Mobile 27 Apr 1968 Thomas, Joab L.
1651		 UNA
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg.
JSU120893 Baldwin 10 Aug 1993 Spaulding, Daniel D.
4264		 JSU
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
UWAL0037038 Covington 24 Feb 2017 England, J. Kevin
7138		 UWAL
Cliftonia monophylla (Lamarck) Britton ex Sargent
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