Ratibida columnifera

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:ASTERACEAE
Species:Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Wooton & Standl.
Common Name:Red spike Mexican hat.
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:RACO3
Plant Notes:Mexican Hat is an introduced perennial in the Sunflower family (Asteraceae). It is native to the central and southwestern portions of the United States and adjacent Mexico. Mexican Hat is commonly included in Wildflower seed mixes and has become established on some roadsides and prairies. It is a perennial with a tap root. Stems are 1-3 feet in height and branched above the middle. Leaves are alternate, 1-2 pinnatifid, with 3-14 linear lobes. The leaves are pubescent and gland dotted and have a grayish color to them. Flowers are produced in heads. The heads are elevated well above the foliage on long peduncles. The heads have 4-12 reflexed ray flowers that vary in color from yellow through yellow with a basal reddish-brown spot, to entirely reddish-brown. Disc flowers are 200-400 in a columnar arrangement. The fruit is an achene. Mexican Hat is commonly available as seed. The seed should be planted in the autumn for spring/summer flowering. Mexican Hat can be used in a perennial bed or naturalized in a meadow or wildflower planting. The long peduncles of the flower heads make them excellent for cut flower arrangements. Remove old heads to promote re-flowering.--A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Not Native, G5 (Global Rank)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyASTERACEAE - Aster family
Genus Ratibida
Species Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Wooton & Standl. - Red spike Mexican hat.

Citation

Citation Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Wooton & Standley, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 19: 706. 1915.
Basionym: Rudbeckia columnifera Nutt. 1813.
Type: **

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Lepachys columnaris Lepachys columnaris Torrey & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 2: 315. 1842, nom. illegit.Rudbeckia columnaris Pursh 1814, nom. illegit. et non Sims 1813; Rudbeckia columnifera Nuttall 1813. 
Lepachys columnaris var. pulcherrima Lepachys columnaris Torrey & A. Gray, var. pulcherrima (de Candolle) Torrey & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 2: 315. 1842.Obeliscaria pulcherrima de Candolle 1836. 
Lepachys columnifera Lepachys columnifera (Nuttall) J. F. Macbride, Contr. Gray Herb. 65: 45. 1922.Rudbeckia columnifera Nuttall 1813. 
Lepachys columnifera var. pulcherrima Lepachys columnifera (Nuttall) J. F. Macbride, var. pulcherrima (de Candolle) Rydberg, Fl. Plains N. Amer. 838. 1932.Obeliscaria pulcherrima de Candolle 1836. 
Obeliscaria columnaris Obeliscaria columnaris (Sims) de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 559. 1836.Rudbeckia columnaris Sims 1813. 
Obeliscaria pulcherrima Obeliscaria pulcherrima de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 559. 1836. TEXAS: San Fernando to Bejar, Jun 1832, Berlandier 1960 (lectotype: G-DC; isolectotype: GH). Lectotypified by E. L. Richards, Rhodora 70: 376. 1968.
Ratibida columnaris Ratibida columnaris Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 575. 1814, nom. illegit. et non Sims 1813.Rudbeckia columnifera Nuttall 1813. 
Ratibida columnaris Ratibida columnaris (Sims) D. Don, in Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. 7: pl. 361. 1837.Rudbeckia columnaris Sims 1813. 
Ratibida columnaris var. pulcherrima Ratibida columnaris (Sims) D. Don, var. pulcherrima (de Candolle) D. Don, in Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. 7: pl. 361. 1837.Obeliscaria pulcherrima de Candolle 1836. 
Ratibida columnifera var. appendiculata Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Wooton & Standley, var. appendiculata Cockerell, J. Heredity 7: 428. 1916. COLORADO: Boulder Co.: Near Boulder,
Ratibida columnifera var. breviradiata Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Wooton & Standley, var. breviradiata Cockerell, Amer. Naturalist 49: 620. 1915. COLORADO: Boulder Co.: Near Boulder,
Ratibida columnifera var. incisa Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Wooton & Standley, var. incisa Cockerell, Amer. Naturalist 49: 620. 1915. COLORADO: Boulder Co.: Near Boulder,
Ratibida columnifera var. pulcherrima Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Wooton & Standley, var. pulcherrima (de Candolle) Wooton & Standley, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 19: 706. 1915.Obeliscaria pulcherrima de Candolle 1836. 
Ratibida columnifera var. tubularis Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Wooton & Standley, var. tubularis Cockerell, Amer. Naturalist 49: 620. 1915. COLORADO: Boulder Co.: Near Boulder,
Ratibida sulcata Ratibida sulcata Rafinesque, J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 89: 100. 1819, nom. illegit.Rudbeckia columnifera Nuttall 1813. 
Rudbeckia columnaris Rudbeckia columnaris Sims, Bot. Mag. 39: pl. 1601. 1813.  
Rudbeckia columnaris var. pulcherrima Rudbeckia columnaris Pursh, var. pulcherrima (de Candolle) Rothrock, Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv., Wheeler 190. 1879.Obeliscaria pulcherrima de Candolle 1836. 
Rudbeckia columnifera Rudbeckia columnifera Nuttall, Cat. Pl. Upper Louisiana 1813.  

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Baldwin, Crenshaw, Henry, Houston, Jackson, Lawrence, Lowndes, Madison, Marengo, Marshall, Montgomery, Morgan, Pike, Sumter

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1970 - 1970

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
UNA00049014 Lowndes 28 Jun 1970 Kral, Robert
39807		 UNA
Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
AUA000006786 Lowndes 18 Jun 1970 Moore, Harold D.
105		 AUA
Ratibida Columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
UWAL0036558 Morgan 17 Jul 2017 England, J. Kevin
8197		 UWAL
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Wooton & Standley
TROY000032031 Houston 22 Oct 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21667		 TROY
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Woot. & Standl.
JSU119456 Lowndes 9 Jun 1984 Whetstone, R. David
14131		 JSU
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Wooton & Standley
UNA00072269 Crenshaw 18 Jun 2015 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#2053		 UNA
Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
AUA000040276 Madison 9 Aug 2018 Swick, E.N.
1073		 AUA
Ratibida Columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
TROY000032875 Montgomery 22 May 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22151		 TROY
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Woot. & Standl.
UWAL0004915 Montgomery 22 May 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22151		 UWAL
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Woot. & Standl.
AUA000038096 Morgan 17 Jul 2017 England, J. Kevin
8197		 AUA
Ratibida Columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
UWAL0010281 Baldwin 30 May 2009 Keener, Brian R.
5393		 UWAL
Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
JSU119457 Marshall 4 Jun 1992 Spaulding, Daniel D.
1881		 JSU
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Wooton & Standley
AUA000006785 Lowndes 28 Jun 1970 Kral, Robert
39807		 AUA
Ratibida Columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
TROY000044879 Marengo 13 Jun 2013 England, J. Kevin
4284		 TROY
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Wooten & Standley
UWAL0013418 Marengo 13 Jun 2013 England, J. Kevin
4284		 UWAL
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Woot. & Standl.
JSU119458 Marshall 29 Jun 1992 Spaulding, Daniel D.
2153		 JSU
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Wooton & Standley
ALNHS00001376 Baldwin 24 Jul 2012 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#713		 ALNHS
Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
UWAL0000935 Sumter 09 Oct 2006 Keener, Brian R.
3147		 UWAL
Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
AUA000006787 Pike 22 Jun 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
15498		 AUA
Ratibida Columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
UWAL0031611 Lawrence 16 May 2013 England, J. Kevin
4252		 UWAL
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Wooten & Standley
UNA00050317 Lowndes 9 Jun 1984 Whetstone, R. David
14131		 UNA
Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
TROY000016093 Sumter 09 Oct 2006 Keener, Brian R.
3147		 TROY
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Woot. & Standl.
TROY000036323 Baldwin 30 May 2009 Keener, Brian R.
5393		 TROY
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Woot. & Standl.
TROY000046286 Henry 21 May 2017 Diamond, Alvin R.
27831		 TROY
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Woot. & Standl.
UWAL0043579 Baldwin 26 Nov 2011 Larsen, Harry S.
1767		 UWAL
Ratibida columnifera Wooton & Standl.
UNA00068832 Sumter 09 Oct 2006 Keener, Brian R.
3147		 UNA
Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
TROY000002664 Pike 22 Jun 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15498		 TROY
Ratibida columnifera (Nuttall) Woot. & Standl.
AUA000006784 Jackson 23 Jul 1983 Dodd, J.K.
100		 AUA
Ratibida Columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.
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