Eleocharis quadrangulata

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:CYPERACEAE
Species:Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roem. & Schult.
Common Name:Square Stem Spikerush
Habitat:Margins of shallow brackish and freshwater systems.
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Square Stem Spikerush is a native herbaceous perennial in the Sedge family (Cyperaceae). It can be found throughout Alabama. Square Stem Spikerush occurs around the margins of brackish and freshwater ponds, marshes, and lakes, often growing in shallow water. It is a perennial from a rhizome. The stems are erect, 4-angled, spongy, 2-3 feet in height, non-septate, and green in color. The internal transverse septa are incomplete. Leaves are 2 and basal. They are mostly reduced to persistent leaf sheaths, only rarely with a small blade-like portion at the apex of the sheath. Flowers are produced in terminal spikes that are not thicker than the stem. The spikes are cylindric and up to 5 cm in length. Individual flowers have 6-7 minutely retrorsely spinulose perianth bristles that are unequal in length and shorter than to equal the length of the achene. The achene is yellowish-brown in color, obovate in outline, with 19-38 rows of transversely elongated cells. The tubercle is deltoid and dark brown in color. Square Stem Spikerush is occasionally available from nurseries that specialize in aquatic plants. It can be grown as an emergent in outdoor pools.—A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, OBL (NWI), G4 (Global Rank)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyCYPERACEAE - Sedge family
Genus Eleocharis
Species Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roem. & Schult. - Square Stem Spikerush

Citation

Citation Eleocharis tuberculosa (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis. 2: 152. 1817.
Basionym: Scirpus tuberculosus Michx. 1803.
Type: "Carolina"

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Eleocharis quadrangulata var. typica Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes, var. typica Fernald, Rhodora 37: 393. 1935, nom. inadmiss.Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes 1817; Scirpus quadrangulatus Michaux 1803. 
Scirpus albomarginatus Scirpus albomarginatus Schultes, Mant. 2: 74. 1824.Scirpus marginatus Muhlenberg 1817, non Thunberg 1794. 
Scirpus marginatus Scirpus marginatus Muhlenberg, Descr. Gram. 28. 1817, non Thunberg 1794.  
Scirpus quadrangulatus Scirpus quadrangulatus Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 30. 1803. "Carolina"
Eleocharis quadrangulata var. crassior Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes, var. crassior Fernald, Rhodora 37: 393. 1935. MASSACHUSETTS: Norfolk Co.: Waban Lake, Wellesley, 3 Oct 1908, Fernald & Wiegand 133 (holotype: GH).

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Baldwin, Barbour, Bullock, Calhoun, Cleburne, Colbert, Dale, DeKalb, Elmore, Etowah, Hale, Jackson, Lawrence, Lee, Madison, Marshall, Mobile, Morgan, St. Clair, Sumter, Talladega, Wilcox

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1885 - 1983

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
USAM000004874 Baldwin 22 May 1981 LeLong, Michel G.
12012		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
AUA000021526 Lee 27 Jul 1959 Johnson, A.S.
 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
USAM000004880 Mobile 08 Jul 1981 LeLong, Michel G.
12137		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
TROY000050801 Sumter 04 Jun 2015 Keener, Brian R.
8967		 TROY
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
AUA000021528 Lee 6 Jul 1966 Daly, Jr., Robert
 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
UNA00002461 Madison 28 May 1980 Meigs, Russell A.
664		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
UWAL0003308 Morgan 01 Jun 2007 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12638		 UWAL
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
UNA00002515 Baldwin 24 Sep 1983 Haynes, Robert R.
8724		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
UNA00002466 Etowah 06 Jul 1978 Haynes, Robert R.
6577		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
TROY000010371 Lee 14 Aug 1954 Moore, William H.
23		 TROY
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
AUA000021525 Lee 27 Jul 1959 Ellis, Don M.
 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
USAM000004875 Mobile 08 Jul 1981 LeLong, Michel G.
12137		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
ALNHS00008650 Jackson 16 Jun 2020 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#5179		 ALNHS
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer and Schultes
UWAL0049644 Colbert 03 Oct 2019 Webb, David H.
8815		 UWAL
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
JSU112509 Calhoun 23 Oct 1997 Whetstone, R. David
18925		 JSU
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
UNA00059253 Bullock 20 Aug 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13632A		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
USAM000004883 Baldwin 13 Dec 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11924		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
UNA00002456 Jackson 02 Aug 1978 Haynes, Robert R.
6844		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
AUA000021527 Lee 13 Jul 1966 Bozarth, Gene A.
 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
TROY000025556 Jackson 29 Jun 2002 Spaulding, Daniel D.
11435		 TROY
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
SAMF0006676 Hale 17 Jun 2016 Davenport, Lawrence J.
6376		 SAMF
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
UWAL0049615 Marshall 05 Sep 2019 Webb, David H.
8756		 UWAL
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roem. & Schult.
UWAL0049536 Lawrence 11 Aug 2020 Webb, David H.
9109		 UWAL
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roem. & Schult.
UWAL0043027 Baldwin 05 Sep 2003 Larsen, Harry S.
1321		 UWAL
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) R & S
USAM000004879 Baldwin 13 Dec 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11924		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
UWAL0053273 Cleburne 16 Jun 2019 Spaulding, Daniel D.
15887		 UWAL
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
AUA000038373 Morgan 10 Jun 2017 England, J. Kevin
7993		 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
USAM000004876 Mobile 08 Jul 1981 LeLong, Michel G.
12137		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
TROY000036389 Bullock 31 Aug 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1228		 TROY
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
USAM000004885 Wilcox 04 Aug 1978 Haynes, Robert R.
6856		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
UNA00002441 Elmore 30 Aug 1980 Meigs, Russell A.
1170		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
JSU112511 Talladega 24 Aug 1980 Whetstone, R. David
10232		 JSU
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
UNA00002510 Wilcox 22 Oct 1977 Haynes, Robert R.
6387		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
UNA00073756 Bullock 31 Aug 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1228		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
UNA00060725 Mobile 19 Jun 1999 Schotz, Alfred
1720		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
USAM000004878 Baldwin 22 May 1981 LeLong, Michel G.
12012		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
AUA000038444 Lee 18 Jul 1966 Johnson, Donald
 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
USAM000004886 Mobile 08 Jul 1981 LeLong, Michel G.
12137		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
AUA000021520 DeKalb 10 Jun 1950 Davis, Donald E.
 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
ALNHS00006759 Hale 01 Sep 2018 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#4220		 ALNHS
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer and Schultes
UNA00002471 Hale 26 Sep 1981 Forster, Wendy R.
148		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
USAM000004884 Morgan 28 Aug 1969 Kral, Robert
36469		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
UNA00002496 Jackson 07 Jul 1978 Haynes, Robert R.
6609		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
TROY000037853 Wilcox 30 May 2013 Webb, Wayne K.
s.n.		 TROY
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
AUA000021522 Lee 28 Jul 1964 Boyd, C.E.
 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
UWAL0035104 Morgan 10 Jun 2017 England, J. Kevin
7993		 UWAL
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
UWAL0047007 Jackson 13 Jun 2007 Webb, David H.
6616		 UWAL
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) R. & S.
UWAL0049630 Marshall 09 Sep 2019 Webb, David H.
8759		 UWAL
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roem. & Schult.
UWAL0013018 Bullock 31 Aug 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1228		 UWAL
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & Schultes
USAM000004877 Baldwin 13 Dec 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11924		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
TROY000028181 Morgan 01 Jun 2007 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12638		 TROY
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
UWAL0053294 St. Clair 08 Jul 2019 Spaulding, Daniel D.
15949		 UWAL
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
USAM000004882 Baldwin 22 May 1981 LeLong, Michel G.
12012		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
AUA000021521 Lee 29 Jul 1964 Sumawidjaja, Kusman
 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
AUA000038443 Etowah 28 Jul 1962 Rossne, J.M.
 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
UWAL0030891 Sumter 04 Jun 2015 Keener, Brian R.
8967		 UWAL
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & JA Schultes
ALNHS00001367 Baldwin 25 Jul 2012 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#740		 ALNHS
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
AUA000021519 Hale 5 Sep 1993 Diamond, Alvin R.
8768		 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
TROY000010370 Bullock 20 Aug 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13632a		 TROY
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
AUA000021518 Dale 27 Jul 1992 Diamond, Alvin R.
8365		 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
UNA00002451 Mobile 18 Jul 1885 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
USAM000004881 Baldwin 22 May 1981 LeLong, Michel G.
12012		 USAM
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
AUA000021524 Lee 29 Jul 1960 Jones, Jr., Samuel B.
297		 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
AUA000021517 Barbour 5 Oct 1972 Hagan, Jack H.
104		 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
AUA000021523 Lee 19 Jul 1962 Gramlich, Jim
 AUA
Eleocharis Quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes
UNA00059329 Jackson 29 Jun 2002 Spaulding, Daniel D.
11435		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
JSU112510 Etowah 14 Aug 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
3036		 JSU
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes
UNA00002436 Barbour 13 Jun 1979 Wiersema, John H.
864		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
UNA00002471 Hale 26 Sep 1981 Forster, Wendy R.
148		 UNA
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
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